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User Guide
1. New Features in Version 5.1
2. Vector Concepts
- Table Structures
  - Data Storage Format
  - Raw Table Storage Format
- Data Compression
  - Data Type Storage Format and Compression Type
- Query Optimization
- Data Manipulation
- Transaction Isolation Model
- SQL Access
- VECTORWISE Storage Type
- Storage Structures
- Default Database Characteristics
- Transaction Management
3. Understanding Usage Scenarios
- Typical Use Scenarios
- Reporting on DBT-3 Database Benchmark
- How to Run the Benchmark
4. Vector and Ingres
- Compatibility with Ingres Database
- Incompatibilities with Ingres Database
5. Usage Considerations
- Considerations for Using VectorH
- VectorH Limitations
6. Accessing VectorH
- Start or Shut Down the Vector Instance
  - Start Vector as a Service
- Network Connections
- User Authentication
7. Creating Databases
- Database File Locations
- Commands for Working with a Database
- The Master Database (iidbdb)
- The Management Database (imadb)
- Rules for Naming Databases
- Database Default Characteristics
- How a Database Is Created
- Show Information on Databases with infodb
- Show Information on Databases with vwinfo
- Remove a Database
8. Using Alternate Locations
- Locations and Areas
- Default Locations
- Create an Alternate HDFS Location
- Guidelines for Using Locations
- Alter or Drop a Location
- Work Locations
  - Initial and Extended Work Locations
- Extend and Unextend a Database
- Create a Database in an Alternate HDFS Location
9. Managing Tables and Views
- Table Management
- Views
- Schemas
- Synonyms, Temporary Tables, and Comments
10. Loading Data
- Methods for Loading Data
- Load Data with COPY Statement
- Load Data with vwload Utility
  - Distributed Data Loading with vwload
  - Load Data from Cloud Sources with vwload
- Load Data with Spark SQL through the Spark-Vector Connector
- Load Data from an External Table
11. Updating Data
- Methods for Updating Data
- Batch and Bulk Updates
  - Transfer Data from Traditional Ingres Table
- Combining Tables
- How to Avoid Propagation
- MODIFY...TO COMBINE Statement--Merge and Update Data
  - Propagate In-memory Updates to Disk
- Best Practices for Updates
- Allowing Concurrent Inserts
12. Using the Query Optimizer
- Data and Query Optimization
- Database Statistics
- Query Execution Plans
- Types of Nodes in a QEP
- Multiple Query Execution Plans
- More Complex QEPs
- Optimizer Timeout
  - Control Optimizer Timeout
- Greedy Optimization
  - Control Greedy Optimization
- “Reuse” Heuristic
- Summary for Evaluating QEPs
- Specialized Statistics Processing
- Composite Histograms
13. Using External Tables
- Introduction to External Tables
- How External Tables Work
- External Table Requirements
- Starting and Stopping the Spark-Vector Provider
- Spark-Vector Provider Log
  - Configuring Logging
- Spark-Vector Provider Configuration
- Syntax for Defining an External Table
- Reading and Writing to an External Table
- How to Add Extra Packages
- External Table Limitations
- External Table Usage Notes
- Troubleshooting External Tables
- Cohabitation of Vector and Spark-Vector under YARN
- Examples of Defining External Tables and Loading Data
  - Small Data Set
    - Data file with a header row
    - Data file without a header row
  - Large Data Set
    - Data with a header row
    - Data without a header row
14. Disaster Recovery
- Master Node Recovery
- DataNode Recovery
- Configuring VectorH with High Availability in YARN
- Database Recovery
15. Backing Up and Restoring the Database
- Methods for Backing Up Data
- Logging System
- Backup by Checkpoints
- Journals
- Backup and Restore Scenario Using Checkpoints and Journals
- Backup and Restore Using Copydb
- Copy Files to a Backup Location Using OS Commands
- Recovery from Checkpoints
- Backup and Recovery of the Master Database (iidbdb)
  - The iidbdb and Checkpointing
- Checkpoint Template File Description
- Archiver Exit Script (acpexit)
  - Customization of Archiver Exit Script
  - Archiver Exit Script Parameters
16. Monitoring
- View Information about a Database
- View Query Profile Information
17. Migrating from Vector to VectorH
- Considerations for Migrating from Vector to VectorH
  - How to Achieve Optimal Loading with vwload
- How to Migrate a Database from Vector to VectorH
- Migrate a Database from Vector to VectorH
A. Command Reference
- Where to Issue Commands
- General Command Syntax
  - Dynamic Vnode Specification--Connect to Remote Node
  - Standard Flags and Parameters
  - Schema Qualifier--Specify Ownership
  - Delimited Identifiers on the Command Line
  - Delimited Identifiers Used on Authorization Parameters
  - Delimited Identifiers and Case Sensitivity
- accessdb Command--Authorize User Access
- alterdb Command--Set Database Characteristics
- cbf Command--Start Configuration-By-Forms
- ckpdb Command--Back Up a Database
  - ckpdb Examples
- clonedb Command--Clone a Database
  - clonedb Example
- copydb Command--Copy and Restore a Database
  - copydb Examples
- createdb Command--Create a Database
  - createdb Examples
- destroydb Command--Destroy a Database
  - destroydb Examples
- extenddb Command--Extend Database to New Location
  - extenddb Example
- iiinitres Command--Install Parameter into CONFIG.DAT
- iigetres Command--Get the Value of a Resource
- iimonitor Command--Administer DBMS, Recovery, and GCF Servers
  - iimonitor Utility Commands
    - Help Command
  - Show Server Command
  - Show Sessions Command
  - Format Sessions Command
  - Set Server Command
  - Stop Server Command
  - iimonitor Commands That Perform Actions on Sessions
  - dmtstatrcpstats Command
  - Quit Command
  - iimonitor Commands Specific to GCF Servers
- iinamu Command--Administer the Name Server
  - iinamu Example: Show All Registered Servers
  - iinamu Example: Show All DBMS Servers for the Server Class Ingres
  - iinamu Example: Show Communications Server Registrations
  - iinamu Example: Add a DBMS Server to the Name Server Registry
  - iinamu Example: Delete a DBMS Server from the Name Server Registry
  - iinamu Example: Stop the Name Server
- iiodbcadmin Command--Run ODBC Administrator
  - iiodbcadmin Examples
- iiremres Command--Remove Parameter from CONFIG.DAT
- iisetres Command--Set Configuration Parameter
  - iisetres Example
- iisuhdfs Command--Configure Slave Nodes
  - iisuhdfs Example
- iisuitz Command--Install IANA Time Zone Files
- iivalres Command--Validate Configuration Resource
- infodb Command--Display Database Information
- ingprenv Command--Display Environment Variable Value
  - ingprenv Example
- ingsetenv Command--Set Vector Environment Variable
  - ingsetenv Example
- ingstart Command--Start a Vector Instance
  - ingstart Examples
- ingstatus Command--Show Server Status
- ingstop Command--Stop a Vector Instance
- ingunset Command--Delete Environment Variable
- ipm Command--Start the Interactive Performance Monitor
- isql Command--Start Interactive SQL Terminal Monitor
  - isql Examples
- movedb Command--Copy Data Locations to Another Machine
- mkrc Command--Generate System Service Script
- netutil Command--Start Net Management Utility
  - netutil Examples
- optimizedb Command--Generate Statistics for the Query Optimizer
  - optimizedb -z Flags
  - optimizedb Examples
- relocatedb Command--Move Location to Another Location
  - relocatedb Examples
- rollforwarddb Command--Recover a Database
  - rollforwarddb Example
- sql Command--Start the Line-based SQL Terminal Monitor
  - sql Examples
- statdump Command--Print Statistics in iistats and iihistogram Catalogs
  - statdump Examples
- sysmod Command--Modify System Catalogs
- unextenddb Command--Unextend a Database Location
- unloaddb Command--Create Files for Unloading and Reloading a Database
  - unloaddb Examples
- upgradedb Command--Upgrade a Database
- upgradefe Command--Install and Upgrade Tool Catalog Definitions
- vhclstatus Command--Display Status of Cluster Services
- vwinfo Command--Display Information about a Database
- vwload Command--Load Data into a Table
  - vwload Escape Sequences
  - vwload Date Format Settings
  - vwload Supported Character Sets
  - vwload in Parallel Mode
    - Requirements for Parallel vwload
    - Limitations of Parallel vwload
  - vwload from Remote System
  - vwload Examples
B. Setting Up Spark for Use with Vector
- Software Downloads
- Set Up Spark
- How to Access S3 Cloud Storage
- How to Securely Manage S3 Credentials
C. Vector to Spark Data Type Mapping
D. Limits
- Limits
E. Features Introduced in Previous Versions
- New Features in Version 5.0
- New Features in Version 4.2
- New Features in Version 4.1