• Part 1: General Information
  • Introduction
    • What You Must Know
    • Special Considerations
    • Terminology
  • Overview of Tools and Languages
    • How the Tools and 4GL Work Together
      • Vision and 4GL
      • ABF and 4GL
      • Forms Runtime System
      • Vision, ABF, and FRS
      • FRS and 4GL
      • 4GL and Query Languages
    • Terms and Concepts
      • Relational Database Management System
      • Tables
      • Database Queries
      • Applications
      • Components
      • Naming Conventions for Applications and Components
        • Enterprise Access Products
      • Frames
      • Forms
        • Trim
        • Fields
      • Procedures
      • Synonyms and Views
      • Data Types
      • Variables
      • Constants
      • Record Types
        • Records
        • Arrays
    • How to Develop an Application
      • How to Plan the Application
      • How to Create the Application
        • The Applications Catalog Window
        • The Create an Application Window
        • The MoreInfo about an Application Window
• Part 2: Vision
  • Overview of Vision
    • How to Enhance Your Applications
    • Components of a Vision Application
      • Frames
      • Visual Queries
    • Frame Types
    • Examples of Vision-generated Frames
      • The Application Flow Diagram
      • Menu Frame
      • Append Frame
      • Browse Frame
      • Update Frame
      • Ingres Data Types
  • Getting Started in Vision
    • Start Vision
    • Call a Specific Application
    • Stop Vision
    • Moving Around in Vision
      • How to Use Keys
      • How to Choose a Menu Operation
      • Display Hidden Menu Items
      • How to Use Pop-Up Windows and Selection Lists
    • How to Handle Error Messages
      • Display Multi-line Error Messages
    • How to Use Vision's Online Help
      • Display Help
  • Creating Frames
    • How to Call the Application Flow Diagram Editor
      • Create a New Application
      • Edit an Existing Application
    • How You Can Use the Application Flow Diagram
      • Details in the Application Flow Diagram
        • Select the Current Frame
      • Ways to Expand the Application Flow Diagram
        • How You Can Expand a Peer Frame
        • How You Can Scroll Horizontally
        • How You Can Scroll Vertically
      • Frame Status
    • Create New Frames
      • Specifying Tables
      • Application Size Limits
      • Create a New Frame
      • Copying an Existing Frame Definition
        • Copy a Frame Within the Current Application
        • Copy a Frame from Another Application
        • How You Can Change a Frame's Type
    • Using Default Frame Definitions and Forms
      • Default Frame Definitions
        • Default Transaction Processing
      • Default Forms
        • Default Forms for Menu Frames
        • Default Forms for Append, Browse, and Update Frames
        • Attributes of Fields on Default Forms
        • Appearance of Fields on Default Forms
      • After Displaying the Default Frame Definition
    • Removing Frames
      • Remove a Frame
    • Insert Existing Frames
    • Destroy Frames
    • Change Menu Item Text
    • Viewing and Editing Frames
      • Edit Fields
    • Specifyfing Menu Frame Display Styles
      • Specify Single-Line Menu Frames for an Application
      • Specify a Single-Line Menu Style for a Frame
      • Editing Table-Field Menu Frames
      • Create Pop-up Menu Frames
  • Defining Frames with Visual Queries
    • Call the Visual Query Editor
    • Viewing the Visual Query
      • Compressed View
      • Normal View
      • Move Between Normal and Compressed View
      • Moving Around in the Visual Query Editor
    • Change the Default Form Display
      • Redisplay a Column
    • Including Lookup Tables in Visual Queries
      • Guidelines for Using Lookup Tables
      • Specifying Features of Lookup Tables
      • Insert Lookup Tables
      • Remove Lookup Tables
    • Inserting and Removing Joins
      • Insert a Join
      • Remove a Join
    • Defining Specific Frame Types
      • Defining Append Frames
      • Defining Update Frames
      • Defining Browse Frames
    • Specifying Frame Behaviors
      • Summary of Frame Behavior Options
      • Qualification Processing
      • Next Master Menu Item
      • Locks Held on Displayed Data
      • The Update Integrity Rule
      • The Delete Integrity Rule
      • Change a Frame Behavior Specification
    • Modifying Vision-generated Forms
      • Editing a Form
      • Coordinating the Form and the Visual Query
    • Using Expressions in Frame Definitions
      • Specifying Expressions
  • Defining Frames without Visual Queries
    • Frame Definition Menu Operations
    • Define a QBF Frame
      • View and Edit a QBF Definition
    • Define a Report Frame
      • Specifying Runtime Report Parameters
      • Create and Edit a Report Definition
    • Define a User Frame
      • Create and Edit the 4GL Code and Form
      • Controlling Activations and Validations
    • Including Procedures in an Application
      • Define a 4GL Procedure
      • Define a 3GL Procedure
      • Define a Database Procedure
      • Create and Edit the Source Code for a 4GL or 3GL Procedure
    • Change the Definition of a Frame or Procedure
  • Using Vision Advanced Features
    • Passing Parameters Between Frames
      • Guidelines for Passing Parameters
      • Pass a Parameter to a Frame
    • Using Local Variables
      • Naming Guidelines for Local Variables
      • Create a Local Variable
      • Assign a Value to a Local Variable
      • Edit a Local Variable Definition
      • Rename a Local Variable
      • Destroy a Local Variable
    • Using Local Procedures
      • Guidelines for Naming Local Procedures
      • Create a Local Procedure
      • Enter Local Procedure Code
      • Edit a Local Procedure Definition
      • Rename a Local Procedure
      • Destroy a Local Procedure
    • Global Components
      • Using Global Constants
      • Define a Global Constant
      • Edit a Global Constant Definition
      • Rename a Global Constant
      • Destroy a Global Constant
      • Using Global Variables
      • Using Record Types
    • How Writing Escape Code Works
      • Types of Escape Code
      • Guidelines for Including Escape Code
      • Specifying Field or Menu Item Escape Code
      • Using Resume Statements in Escape Code
      • Purging Unneeded Escape Code
      • Add and Delete Menu Operations
      • View Examples of Escape Code
      • Create Escape Code
      • Entering Escape Code
      • Revise Escape Code
      • Verifying Escape Code
  • Modifying Vision Code
    • Summary of Methods to Modify Code
    • Writing Escape Code
    • Modifying the Template Files
      • Template File Locations
      • Modify Template Files
      • Types of Template Files
      • Components of Template Files
      • Using Substitution Variables in Template Files
      • Using Logicals or Environment Variables in Template Files
      • Changing Template Language Statements
      • Changing 4GL Code in Template Files
      • Examples of Altering Template Files
    • Including Source Code Processing Commands
    • Editing the Source Code to Create a Custom Frame
      • Edit a Source Code File
      • Guidelines for Editing Comments in Source Code Files
    • Editing Help Files
      • Editing Vision-generated Help Files
      • Provide the Edit Operation
  • Using Vision Utilities
    • Starting Other Programs
      • Call the Ingres Menu
      • Return to the Operating System
    • Examining Tables
      • The Examine a Table Window
      • Display the Examine a Table Window
    • Running an Application Report
      • View an Application Report
      • Write an Application Report to a File
    • Reconciling Tables and Frame Definitions
      • How Vision Reconciles Frame Definitions
      • Run the Reconcile Utility
    • Clean Up a Database
    • Use Alternate Sets of Global Constants
      • Create an Alternate Global Constants File
      • Edit an Alternate Set of Global Constants
  • Completing a Vision Application
    • Test Applications
    • Regeneration of Source Code and Forms
      • How Custom Frames Are Handled
      • Summary of Code Regeneration Operations
    • Editing Errors in Generated Code
      • Call the Error Handler
      • Moving Around in the Error Handler
      • Error Handler Menu Operations
      • Fix Errors in the Generated Code
      • Recompile a Frame
      • View the Error Listing File
      • Mark Errors as Fixed or Unfixed
    • Making Applications Easier to Run
      • Create an Image of an Application
      • Specify a Default Image File
      • Specify an Application Role Identifier
      • imageapp Command--Create a Command File
    • imagename Command--Run a Completed Application
      • Using Application-specific Parameters
      • Creating a Command for an Imaged Application
      • Specify a Default Start Frame
    • Rename an Application
    • Copying Applications into Different Databases
      • copyapp out Command--Copy an Application Out of a Database
      • Copying Applications to a Different Location
      • copyapp in Command--Copy an Application into a Database
    • Copying Application Components
      • How Dependencies Are Handled
      • iiexport Command--Copy Application Components to a File
      • iiimport Command--Import Application Components
      • Master Application Scenario
        • Examples: Master Application Scenario
    • Destroy Applications
  • A. Vision Applications from a User’s Perspective
    • Using Lookup Tables and the ListChoices Operation
      • Choosing from a Selection List
      • Validating User Entries
      • Entering Lookup Table Values on a Form
      • Using a Lookup Table Without a ListChoices Menu Item
      • Using ListChoices Without a Lookup Table
    • Allowing Specific User Operations
      • User Operations on Append frames
      • User Operations on Browse frames
      • User Operations on Update frames
      • Additional Generated Menu Operations
      • Standard Operations and Menu Items
      • ListChoices and Table Field Menu Operations
      • Table Field Operations
    • Running an Application
      • Using the Vision Applications Catalog
      • Using the Vision Command
      • Using an Image File Name
      • Using a Command to Run an Application
  • B. Accessing Vision through ABF
    • Edit an Application Window
    • Create Frames and Procedures through ABF
    • Accessing Vision Functions through ABF
      • Call the Forms Editor
      • Create Global Components
      • Open Source Code Files
      • Accessing Vision Utilities
  • C. Template Files Reference
    • Substitution Variables
      • System-defined Substitution Variables
        • String Variables
        • Boolean Variables
      • User-defined Substitution Variables
    • Template Language Statements
      • Formatting Rules
    • define Statement--Define a Substitution Variable
    • generate Statement--Generate 4GL Source Code
    • if then else endif Statement--Process Conditional Statements
    • ifdef Statement--Process a Set of Statements with Variables or Logicals
    • ifndef Statement--Process a Set of Statements without Variables or Logicals
    • include Statement--Include a Template File
    • undef Statement--Undefine a Substitution Variable
  • D. Vision Architecture
    • Vision Components
    • How Vision Generates Code
    • How Vision Handles Deadlocks
    • How the Vision Reconcile Utility Works
• Part 3: Applications-By-Forms
  • Overview of ABF
    • Benefits
    • Types of Frames
      • User-specified Frames
      • QBF Frames
      • Reports and Report Frames
    • Forms
    • Directories for Source Code and Application Components
      • Establishing a Directory for Source Code
      • Establishing a Directory for Compiled Application Components
  • Building Applications
    • The ABF Development Process
    • Starting and Using ABF
      • Start ABF from the Ingres Menu
      • Start ABF Using the ABF Command
      • Using ABF Fields and Menus
      • Help on ABF Frames
        • Key Mappings
      • Exit ABF
    • Creating an Application
    • The Edit an Application Frame
      • The Edit an Application Menu
      • Application Defaults Frame
        • Set a Default Start Frame
      • Application Utilities Menu
        • Call the Tables Utility
    • The Create a Frame or Procedure Frame
      • The Create a Frame Menu
      • Create a Frametype Frame Pop-up
      • Creating a User-Specified Frame
        • Create a User-Specified Frame
        • Create a Form
        • Create the 4GL Source Code File for a User-Specified Frame
        • Adding a New Frame to an Application Menu Frame
        • Testing the USER Frame
      • Creating Report Frames
        • Create a Report
        • Sample Report-Writer Report File
        • Testing the Report Frame
      • Creating a QBF Frame
        • Create a QBF Frame
        • Create a Form for the QBF Frame
        • Testing the QBF Frame
      • Creating Procedures
        • How You Can Use a Procedure in an Application
      • Creating a Procedure Frame
        • Create a Procedure
        • Edit a Procedure Definition Frame
        • Define a 4GL Procedure
        • Enter Source Code
      • Create 3GL Procedures
      • Using Embedded SQL/Forms with ABF
      • Creating a Database Procedure
    • The Globals Submenu of the Edit an Application Frame
      • The Create or Edit Global Components Frame
      • The Edit Global Variables Frame
      • The Create a Global Variable Frame
        • Create a Global Variable
      • Edit a Global Variable Definition Frame
        • Edit a Global Variable Definition
        • How to Set Initial Values for Global Variables
      • The Edit Application Constants Frame
      • The Create an Application Constant Frame
        • Create an Application Constant
      • The Edit a Constant Definition Frame
      • Using Alternate Sets of Global Constant Values
        • Specify a Global Constants File
        • Create an Alternate Global Constants File
        • Edit an Alternate Set of Global Constants
        • Compatibility with Previous ABF Releases
      • The Edit Application Record Type Definitions Frame
      • MoreInfo About a Record Definition Frame
      • The Create a Record Definition Frame
        • Create Record Types
      • The Edit a Record Type Definition Frame
      • The Create a Record Attribute Frame
        • Define a Record Attribute
      • The Edit a Record Attribute Specification Frame
        • Edit a Record Attribute
        • Compatibility with Future Record Data Types
    • Selecting a Text Editor
    • Built-in Frames and Procedures
    • Working with Existing Frames or Procedures
      • Modify Frames or Procedures
      • Rename Frames or Procedures
      • Destroy Frames or Procedures
    • Testing Incomplete Applications
      • How the Test Application Is Built: Procedures
        • How ABF Handles Dependencies
    • Creating an Image of the Application
      • Build an Image from Within ABF
      • imageapp Command--Build an Image from the System Level
    • imagename Command--Run a Completed Application
      • Running the Image from System Level
      • Defining Symbols for Different Users
      • Using Application-specific Parameters
    • Destroying an Application
    • Copying an Application into a Different Database
      • Copying Applications to a Different Location
      • copyapp out Command--Copy an Application Out of a Database
      • copyapp in Command--Copy an Application into a Database
    • Copying Application Components
      • How Dependencies Are Handled
      • iiexport Command--Copy Application Components to a File
      • iiimport Command--Import Application Components
      • Master Application Example
    • Running the Application on a Different Database
  • ABF Development Example
    • The Sales Entry Application
      • Layout Summary
      • The Sales Entry Topframe
      • The Update Customers Frame
      • The Sales Report Frame
      • The NewOrder Frame
    • Defining the Sales Entry Application
      • Start ABF
      • Create the Application
    • Guidelines for Creating Tables
      • The Sample Database
    • Creating a User-Specified Frame
      • Create the User Frame Topframe
      • Defining Topframe
        • Build the Menu for Topframe
        • Enter the 4GL Code for Topframe
        • Create Constants
        • Create a Global Variable
      • Check the 4GL Syntax
      • Add a Long Remark
    • Test Topframe
      • Set Default Start Frame
      • How You Can Test with an Undefined Frame
    • Define a QBF Frame
      • Define the Customer Form
      • Test the Customer Frame
    • Building a Report Frame
      • Define the SaleRep Frame
        • Enter a Report-Writer Specification Using sreport
        • Define the SaleRep Pop-up Form
        • Test the Report Frame
        • Run the SaleRep Frame
    • Another User-Specified Frame
      • Define the NewOrder Frame
        • Create a Record Type
        • Create a Global Array
        • Define the NewOrder Form
    • Test the Application
    • Installing the User Application
      • Create an Executable Image
    • Application Handling Operations
      • Run the Image
      • Define an Operating System Command
      • Run the Application on a Different Database
  • E. Notes for Users of QUEL
    • QUEL Notes for the Building Applications Chapter
      • Source Code File Names and Extensions for Procedures
        • The Edit a Procedure Definition Frame
      • Using EQUEL/Forms with ABF
    • QUEL Notes for the ABF Development Example Chapter
      • The 4GL Code for Topframe
      • The 4GL Code for NewOrder
  • F. ABF Architecture
    • Where Applications Are Stored
      • Source Code Directory
      • Object Code Directory
        • Error Listing Files
        • Compiled Form Files
        • The Extract File
      • System Catalogs
    • Forms in ABF Applications
      • How Forms and the Image Operation Work
      • Linking Forms and 3GL Procedures
    • How an Application Is Built with the Go Operation
      • Determining Which Components to Include
      • Determining Which Frames to Recompile
      • How Compiling the Application Works
      • How Temporary Files Are Created
      • How the Extract File Is Created and Compiled
      • How Compilation Results Are Verified
      • How Running the Interpreter Works
    • How an Application Is Built with the Image Operation
    • Linking with Libraries
      • Updates to Linker Option Modules
      • Linking with Compiled Forms for Procedures
    • Calling Library Procedures
  • G. The ABF Demo Program
    • Installing the Sample Application
      • Install ABFdemo
    • Start the Sample Application
    • Contents of the Sample Application
    • How to Run the Sample Application
    • 4GL Code for the Sample Application
      • Database Frame
      • DelEmp Procedure
      • EmpDep Frame
      • EmpTasks Frame
      • Experience Report Frame
      • List Frame
      • RemTask Procedure
      • Startup Procedure
      • SumHours Procedure
      • Timer_On and Timer_Off Procedures
      • Top Frame
  • H. Roles for ABF Applications
    • Roles for Applications
• Part 4: Embedded Forms Programming
  • Embedded Forms Program Structure
    • General Syntax of Forms Statements
    • Basic Structure of a Forms-based Program
    • How the FRS Is Invoked
    • How Forms Are Declared
      • forminit Statement--Declare Uncompiled Forms
      • addform Statement--Declare Compiled Forms
    • display Statement--Display a Form
      • Display Modes
      • Display Styles
      • Other Display Attributes
    • The Display Block
      • The Initialize Section
      • Activation Operations
      • Submenus
      • Nested Menus
      • How Returning from an Operation Works
      • putform and getform Statements--Transfer Data During a Display Loop
      • finalize Statement--Transfer Data at the End of a Display Loop
    • endforms Statement--Disconnect from the FRS
    • An Extended Example
    • Dynamic FRS
      • The Describe Statement and Dynamic FRS
      • How SQLDA Is Processed in Dynamic FRS
      • The Using Clause in Dynamic FRS
      • Examples of the Using Clause
    • Application-level Mapping
      • Static Mapping
      • Dynamic Mapping
    • How You Implement Keys in an Application
      • Key Activation Example
  • Table Fields
    • Overview of Table Fields
    • The Data Set
      • How You Can Move Around a Table Field
      • Table Field Display Modes
      • A Sample Table Field
    • How Table Fields Can Be Used in an Application
      • inittable Statement--Initialize a Table Field
      • loadtable Statement--Load a Data Set
      • unloadtable Statement--Unload the Data Set
    • Table Field Operations
      • insertrow Statement--Insert Rows into the Table Field
      • deleterow Statement--Delete Rows from the Table Field
      • putrow Statement--Use the Program to Update Table Field Data
      • getrow Statement--Get One Row of Data from a Table Field
      • scroll Statement--Target Scrolls
      • Table Field Activation Operations
      • How Table Field Modes Can Be Set Dynamically
      • Miscellaneous Statements
    • Table Field Row States
      • The UNDEFINED Row State
      • The NEW Row State
      • The UNCHANGED Row State
      • The CHANGED Row State
      • The DELETED Row State
      • Effects of Forms Statements on Row States
      • Table Field Modes and Row States
      • Setting Row States
      • Row States and Floating Point Data
    • Change Variables
    • Invisible Fields
    • Derived Fields
    • How Field Validation Works
  • Forms Statements
    • activate Statement--Activate a Section of Code
      • The Menuitem Condition
      • The Field Condition
      • The Column Condition
      • The Scroll Condition
      • The Frskey Condition
      • The Timeout Condition
    • addform Statement--Declare a Pre-compiled Form
    • breakdisplay statement--Terminate a Display Loop or Submenu
    • clear Statement--Clears the Screen or Fields
    • clearrow Statement--Clear Data from a Field
    • deleterow Statement--Delete a Row
    • describe Statement--Retrieve Descriptive Information
    • display Statement--Initiate Form Display
    • display submenu Statement--Display a Submenu
    • enddisplay Statement--Terminate a Display
    • endforms Statement--Terminate Application Connection
    • endloop Statement--Terminate a Loop
    • finalize Statement--Transfer Data
    • formdata Statement--Loop Through Fields
    • forminit Statement--Declare a Form
    • forms Statement--Invoke the FRS
      • Restrictions
    • getform Statement--Transfer Data into Program Variables
    • getoper (function) Statement--Get Comparison Operators
    • getrow Statement--Get Values from a Row
    • helpfile Statement--Display Help
    • help_frs Statement--Include the Ingres Help Facility
    • Initialize Statement--Initialize a Form
    • Inittable Statement--Initialize a Table Field
    • inquire_frs Statement--Retrieve FRS Runtime Information
      • Retrieving Information about the Runtime System
      • Retrieving Information about a Form
      • Retrieving Information about a Field
      • Retrieving Information about a Table Field
      • Retrieving Information about a Column
      • Retrieving Information About a Row in a Table Field
      • Retrieving Information about Menu Items
    • insertrow Statement--Insert a Row
    • loadtable Statement--Append a Row of Data
    • message Statement--Print a Message
    • printscreen Statement--Copy the Displayed Screen
    • prompt Statement--Prompt the User for Input
    • purgetable Statement--Purge Deleted Rows
    • putform Statement--Transfer Data to the Form
    • putrow Statement--Update a Table Row
    • redisplay Statement--Refresh the Screen
    • resume Statement--Resume the Display Loop
    • scroll Statement--Perform a Table Field Scroll
    • set_frs Statement--Set FRS Features
      • Setting Global Field and Column Validations
      • Setting Global Field and Column Activations
      • Setting Field and Column Display Attributes
      • Setting Field and Column Color
      • Setting the Change Variable
      • Setting Control, Function, and Arrow Key Mappings
      • Defining an Alias for Mapped Keys
      • Setting the Menu Map
      • Specifying the Mapping File
      • Setting the Display Mode of a Form
      • Setting the Display Mode of a Table Field
      • Setting a Form's Change Variable
      • Setting the Timeout Period
      • Enabling the FRS shell Command
      • Enabling the FRS editor Command
      • Suppressing Validation Error Messages
      • How You Can Change a Field's Format
      • Renaming Menu Items
      • Enabling and Disabling Menu Items
      • Enabling and Disabling the Out of Data Message
    • sleep Statement--Suspend Application Execution
    • submenu Statement--Start a Menu Not Linked to a Form
    • tabledata Statement--Traverse Columns
    • unloadtable Statement--Loop Through Rows and Execute Statements
    • validate Statement--Validate Fields
    • validrow Statement--Check Column Validity
  • I. EQUEL/FORMS Examples
    • Activate
    • Addform
    • Breakdisplay
    • Clear
    • Clearrow
    • Deleterow
    • Display
    • Display Submenu
    • Enddisplay
    • Endforms
    • Endloop
    • Finalize
    • Formdata
    • Forminit
    • Forms
    • Getform
    • Getoper
    • Getrow
    • Helpfile
    • Help_frs
    • Initialize
    • Inittable
    • Inquire_frs
    • Insertrow
    • Loadtable
    • Message
    • Printscreen
    • Prompt
    • Purgetable
    • Putform
    • Putrow
    • Redisplay
    • Resume
    • Scroll
    • Set_frs
    • Sleep
    • Submenu
    • Tabledata
    • Unloadtable
    • Validate
    • Validrow
    • Extended Examples
      • Basic Format of a Forms-Based Application
      • Example of Activations
      • Submenus
      • Nested Menus
      • Table Fields
      • Using _record and _state
      • Using the Putrow and Getrow Statements
      • Target Scrolls
      • Using Resume Statements
• Part 5: 4GL
  • Overview of 4GL
    • How You Can Use 4GL
    • Frame Activations
    • Procedures
  • Using 4GL
    • Form Fields
      • Simple Fields
      • Table Fields
      • Derived Fields and Columns
      • Datasets and Form Fields
    • Local Variables and Hidden Columns
      • Declaring Local Variables and Hidden Columns
      • Data Types for Simple Local Variables and Hidden Columns
      • Complex Local Variable Definitions
    • Global Variables and Constants
    • Assigning Values to Fields and Variables
      • Direct Assignments
      • Assignments Using a Query
      • Assigning Nulls to Nullable Variables
    • Referencing Fields, Variables, and Constants
      • Referencing Simple Fields
      • Referencing Local and Global Variables
      • Referencing Table Fields, Columns, and Hidden Columns
      • Referencing Records
      • Referencing Arrays
      • Scope of Reference Statements
    • Expressions
      • Using Literals in Expressions
      • Using Fields and Variables as Expressions
      • Using Procedures as Expressions
      • How Numeric Expressions Work
      • String Expressions
      • Logical Expressions
      • Nulls in Expressions
    • 4GL Names
      • Examples
  • Writing 4GL Statements
    • Basic Statement Types
    • Using Initialize and Declare Statements
    • Forms-Control Statements
      • Positioning the Cursor
      • Display Modes
      • Clearing a Screen or Form
      • Displaying Help Text Files
      • Displaying Messages and Prompts
      • Validating Data Fields
      • Row State and Record Values for Table Fields and Arrays
      • Manipulating Table Fields and Arrays
      • Processing an Entire Table Field or Array with Unloadtable
      • The Run Submenu and Display Submenu Statements
    • Database Access Statements
      • Using the Select Statement
      • Using Insert to Add Data to Database Tables
      • Using Update to Change a Database Row
      • Using the Delete Statement
      • Committing the Transaction
      • Repeated Queries
      • Using the Asterisk and All
    • Flow-Control Statements
      • Using the If-Then-Else Statement Combination
      • Using the While Statement
      • Using the Endloop Statement
      • Using the Return Statement
      • Using the Exit Statement
    • Call Statements
      • Using the Callframe Statement
      • Using the Callproc Statement
      • Using the Call Subsystem Statement
      • Using the Call System Statement
    • Accessing Files from 4GL
      • File Handles
      • File Types
      • File Modes
      • Using File Modes and Types
      • Permissions
    • Inquiring About and Setting Applications Status
      • Using the Inquire_sql Statement
      • Using the Set_sql Statement
      • Using the Inquire_forms Statement
      • Using the Set_forms Statement
      • Using the Dbmsinfo Function
    • Multiple Session Connections
      • Connecting to Multiple Sessions
      • Identifying Sessions
      • Switching Sessions
      • Disconnecting a Session
      • Multiple Sessions and the DBMS
    • Built-In Frames and Procedures
    • How Database Events Are Handled
      • Event Handling Sequence Example
      • Event Handling Statements
    • Putting It All Together: 4GL Specification
      • Coding an Operation
      • Using Activation Statements
      • Database Event Activations
  • 4GL Statement Glossary
    • Using SQL with 4GL
    • ArrayAllRows()
    • ArrayClear()
    • ArrayFirstRow()
    • ArrayInsertRow()
    • ArrayLastRow()
    • ArrayRemoveRow()
    • ArraySetRowDeleted()
    • Assignment
      • Direct Assignments
      • Query Assignments
    • Beep()
    • Call
      • Call ABF
      • Call Application
      • Call Ingmenu
      • Call ISQL
      • Call QBF
      • Call RBF
      • Call Report
      • Call SQL
      • Call Sreport
      • Call VIFRED
      • Call Vision
    • Call System
    • Callframe
      • Passing Values from the Calling Frame
      • Passing a Query
    • Callproc
      • Coding 4GL Procedures
      • 3GL Arguments
      • Coding C Procedures
      • Coding COBOL Procedures
      • Coding FORTRAN Procedures
      • Calling Database Procedures
      • Calling Library Procedures
    • Clear
    • Clearrow
    • CloseFile()
    • CommandLineParameters( )
    • Connect
      • Connecting with Distributed Transactions
      • Creating Multiple Sessions
      • Permissions
      • Locking
    • Delete
    • Deleterow
    • Disconnect
    • Display Submenu
    • Endloop
    • Execute Immediate
    • Execute Procedure
      • Passing Parameters
    • Exit
    • Find_record()
    • FlushFile()
    • Help_Field()
    • Helpfile and Help_Forms
      • Editing the Help Text File
    • If-Then-Else
    • Initialize
      • Initialization of Fields and Variables
    • Inittable
    • Inquire_4gl
    • InquireFile()
    • Inquire_forms
      • Inquire_forms Formobject
      • Inquire_forms Field
      • Inquire_forms FRS
    • Inquire_sql
    • Insert
    • Insertrow
      • Insertrow and Table Fields
      • Insertrow and Arrays
    • Loadtable
    • Look_up()
    • Message
    • Mode
      • Summary of Effects
    • Next
    • OpenFile( )
    • PositionFile( )
    • Printscreen
    • Prompt
    • ReadFile( )
    • Redisplay
    • Resume
    • Return
    • RewindFile( )
    • Run Submenu
    • Scroll
    • Select
      • Overview of the Select Statement
      • Query Targets
      • Selecting into Table Fields
      • Select to a Complex Object
      • Master/Detail Query
      • Submenus
      • Using a Select Loop
      • Select to Simple Objects
    • Sequence_value()
    • Set_4gl
    • Set_forms
      • Set_forms Formobject
      • Set_forms FRS
    • Set_sql
    • Sleep
    • Unloadtable
    • Update
    • Validate
    • Validrow
    • While
      • Breaking Out of While Loops
    • WriteFile( )
  • Using 3GL Procedures
    • Passing Records and Arrays Between 4GL and 3GL Routines
      • Passing Structured Data
      • Checking for Errors
      • Summary of Exec 4GL Commands
    • Callframe, Callproc
    • Clear Array
    • Describe
    • Get Attribute
    • Get Global, Set Global
    • Inquire_4gl
    • InsertRow
    • Removerow
    • Set Attribute
    • Set_4gl
    • Setrow Deleted
  • Sample 4GL Application
    • Employee Database
      • Employees Table
      • Employee_ histories Table
      • Positions Table
      • Referential Integrity
    • Employee Application
      • 4GL Statements and Coding Techniques
      • Global Objects
      • Topframe Frame
      • Employees Frame
      • Positions Frame
      • Descriptions Frame
      • Confirm Procedure
  • J. Notes for Users of QUEL
    • QUEL Notes for the Using 4GL Chapter
      • Referencing Table Fields
      • Data Types for Simple Local Variables and Hidden Columns
      • Simple Assignments
      • Query Assignment to a Form
      • Query Assignment to a Table Field
      • Using Literals in Expressions
      • The LIKE Operator and Pattern Matching
      • Referencing Table Fields
    • QUEL Notes for the Writing 4GL Statements Chapter
      • Using Unloadtable with Database Access
      • Database Access Statements
      • The Retrieve Statement
      • Writing Different Types of Retrieve Statements
      • Using Append to Add Data to Database Tables
      • Using Replace to Change a Database Row
      • Deleting Database Rows
      • Committing the Transaction
      • Repeated Queries
      • Using All
      • Using the Callframe Statement
      • Using the Inquire_ingres Statement
      • Using the Dbmsinfo Function
      • Field Activations on Entry and Exit
    • QUEL Notes for the 4GL Statement Glossary Chapter
    • Append (QUEL)
    • Call (QUEL)
      • Call Ingres
      • Call Iquel
      • Call QUEL
    • Callframe (QUEL)
      • Passing a Query
    • Delete (QUEL)
    • Message (QUEL)
    • Next (QUEL)
    • Range (QUEL)
    • Redisplay (QUEL)
    • Replace (QUEL)
    • Retrieve (QUEL)
      • Query Targets
      • The Where Clause
      • The Sort and Order Clauses
      • Retrieval into Complex Structures
      • Using Retrieve to a Form or Table Field
      • Using Retrieve Into
      • Using Retrieve Loop
    • Unloadtable (QUEL)
    • While (QUEL)
    • QUEL Notes for the Returning to the Top Frame Appendix
      • Embedded Query Language Considerations
    • QUEL Notes for the Runtime Error Processing Appendix
      • Effect on EQUEL Procedures
  • K. Returning to the Top Frame
    • Example Frame Calling Sequence
      • Embedded SQL Language Considerations
  • L. Runtime Error Processing
    • Standard inquire_sql Method
    • How You Can Use IIseterr() in Ingres Applications
      • Interaction Between IIseterr() and inquire_sql
      • Error Handler Restrictions
      • Effect on Embedded SQL Procedures
      • Multiple Calls
  • M. Troubleshooting Guide
    • Before You Call Technical Support
    • Using Logicals/Environment Variables
    • Starting ABF or Vision
      • The Ingres Environment
      • Terminal Definition
      • Ingres Access Issues
    • Creating and Editing Applications
      • Creating Applications and Frames
      • Editing Applications and Frames
    • Testing an Application
      • Compiling/Interpreting an Application
      • Compiling/Interpreting a Frame
      • Linker Errors
    • Creating an Image of an Application
      • 4GL Compiler
      • C Compiler (WIN32)
        • Running Microsoft 6.00A and DOS 4.01
        • C Compiler
    • Running a Completed Application
      • Unknown Frames or Procedures
      • Non-compiled Forms
      • Compiled Forms
      • QBF Frames
      • Report Frames
      • Queries
      • Global Variables
      • Parameters
      • Table Fields
      • Keyboard and Function Keys
      • Expressions
      • Roles
    • Performance Problems
      • Prior Releases
      • Slow-running Applications
• Part 6: Common Appendixes
  • N. Menu Operations
    • The Applications Catalog Window
    • The Create an Application Window
    • The MoreInfo about an Application Window
    • The Application Flow Diagram Editor Menu
    • The Visual Query Editor Menu
  • O. Using Vision or ABF in a Multi-Developer Environment
    • Starting Vision or ABF with Command Line Options
      • Disabling Warnings
      • 5.0 Applications
    • Sharing Objects with Other Vision Developers
    • Using ABF in a Multi-Developer Environment
    • Managing Locks in Vision or ABF
      • Setting the Display Refresh Interval (Vision Only)
      • Using the LockStatus Utility

Part 1: General Information

Using the LockStatus Utility