1. Introduction to Ingres Security : User Authentication
 
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User Authentication
For each Ingres user, a user object must be defined in the master database.
Ingres authenticates users:
Through the operating system account and password, which must correspond with the user object definition in the master database. Additional passwords can also be set on users and roles.
or
Directly through the DBMS Server, in which the user name and password must match the user object definition in the master database. This method is known as DBMS authentication (see DBMS Authentication). If DBMS_AUTHENTICATION is enabled for the server, the user does not have to be defined as an operating system user.