2. Embedded SQL for C : The SQL Communications Area : SQLSTATE Variable Usage
 
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SQLSTATE Variable Usage
You can use the SQLSTATE variable in an embedded SQL for C (ESQL/C) program to return status information about the last SQL statement that was executed. SQLSTATE must be declared in a declaration section and must be in uppercase. Also, it is valid across all sessions, so you only need to declare one SQLSTATE per application.
To declare this variable, use:
char SQLSTATE [6];
or:
char *SQLSTATE;
 /* Where SQLSTATE points to a buffer 6 bytes long. *