• QUEL Reference Guide
•  1. Introduction
  • In This Guide
  • Audience
  •  Conventions
    • Query Languages
    • System-specific Text
    • Embedded QUEL Examples
•  2. Introduction to QUEL
  • Interactive QUEL
  • Embedded QUEL
•  3. QUEL Data Types
  • Object Names
  • Access to Objects Created Through SQL
  • Comment Delimiters
  •  Data Types
    •  Character Data Types
      • Char Data Type
      • C Data Type
      • Varchar Data Type
      • Text Data Type
    •  Numeric Data Types
      • Integer Data Types
      • Floating Point Data Types
    •  Date Data Type
      • Absolute Date Input Formats
      • Absolute Time Input Formats
      • Combined Date and Time Input
      • Date Interval Formats
      • Time Interval Formats
      • Date and Time Display Formats
    • Money Data Type
  •  Binary Data Types
    • Byte Data Type
    • Byte Varying Data Type
    • Storage Formats of Data Types
  •  Literals
    • String Literals
    •  Numeric Literals
      • Integer Literals
      • Floating Point Literals
  • QUEL Constants
  •  Nulls
    • Nulls and Comparisons
    • Nulls and Aggregate Functions
    • Nulls and Integrity Constraints
•  4. Elements of QUEL Statements
  •  Operators
    • Arithmetic
    • Comparison
    • Logical
  •  Operations
    • String Concatenation
    •  Assignment
      • Character String
      • Numeric
      • Date
      • Null
    •  Arithmetic
      • Default Type Conversion
      • Arithmetic Errors
      • Arithmetic Operations on Dates
  •  Functions
    •  Scalar
      • Data Type Conversion Functions
      • Numeric
      • String
      • Date
    •  Aggregate
      • Aggregate Functions Using the Where and By Clauses
    • Ifnull
  •  Qualifications
    • Comparison Operators
    • Partial Match Specification
    • Is Null Comparison
    • Clauses
    • Logical Operators
    • General Qualification
•  5. Embedded QUEL
  • Conventions Used in This Chapter
  • General Syntax of EQUEL Statements
  • Basic Structure of EQUEL Programs
  •  Host Language Variables
    • Variable Declaration
    • Dereferencing Column Names
    • Scope of Variables
    • Include Statement—Include External Files
    •  Indicator Variables
      • Retrieving Data Using Null Indicators
      • Setting Values Using Null Indicators
      • Detecting String Truncation Using Indicator Variables
    • Variable Usage and Dynamic Operation of EQUEL Statements
    • Param Statements
  •  Data Manipulation with Cursors
    • Example of Cursor Processing
    • Declaring a Cursor
    • How You Open and Close Cursors
    • Open Cursors and Transaction Processing
    • Retrieving the Data
    • Fetching Rows Inserted by Other Queries
    • Using Cursors to Update Data
    • Using Cursors to Delete Data
    • Summary of Cursor Positioning
    • Dynamically Specified Cursor Names
    • Cursors and Retrieve Loops Compared
  •  Transactions
    • Transaction Statements
    • Defining Transactions
    • Committing Transactions
    • Aborting Transactions
    • Savepoints and Partial Transaction Aborts
    • Interrupt and Timeout Handling in Transactions
    • Deadlock: Detection, Avoidance, and Handling
  •  Program Status Information
    • The Inquire_ingres Statement
    • The Dbmsinfo() Function
  • Runtime Error Processing
  •  Retrieve Statement
    • Using the Retrieve Statement Without a Loop
    • How the Sort Clause Works
    • Other Data Manipulation Statements
  • Repeat Queries
•  6. QUEL and EQUEL Statements
  • QUEL Release
  • Statement Context
  • Ingres Forms Statements
  •  Abort Statement—Undo an MQT
    • Context
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
    • Examples
  •  Append Statement—Add a Table Row
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
    • Considerations
    • Examples
  •  Begin Transaction Statement—Begin an MQT
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Example
  •  Call Statement—Call an Ingres Tool or the Operating System
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
    • Examples
  •  Close Cursor Statement—Close an Open Cursor
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
    • Example
  •  Copy Statement—Copy Data
    • Syntax
    • Description
    •  Copy Statement Parameters
      • Unformatted Copying
      • Formatted Copying
      • Bulk Copying
      • Data File Format and Table Format
    •  Column Formats for COPY
      • Character (Text) Formats
      • Counted Character Formats
      • Dummy Format
      • Binary Formats
      • COPY Format Details
      • Delimiters in the Data File
      • With Null Clause for COPY
    • Filename Specification
    • Windows File Types for COPY
    • VMS File Types for COPY
    •  WITH Clause for COPY
      • On_error Option
      • Error_count Option
      • Log Option
      • Rollback Option
      • Row_estimate Option
      • Fillfactor, Minpages, and Maxpages Options
      • Leaffill and Nonleaffill Options
      • Allocation Option
      • Extend Option
    • Permissions
    • Locking
    • Restrictions and Considerations
    • Examples of the COPY Statement
  •  Create Statement—Create a Table
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
    • Considerations
    • Examples
  •  Declare Cursor Statement—Declare a Cursor
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
    • Considerations
    • Examples
  •  Define Integrity Statement—Define Integrity Constraints
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
    • Examples
  •  Define Permit Statement—Add Table Permissions
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Example
  •  Define View Statement—Define Virtual Tables
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Considerations
    • Example
  •  Delete Statement—Delete Rows
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
    • Considerations
    • Examples
  •  Delete Cursor Statement—Delete Cursor Row
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
    • Considerations
    • Example
  •  Destroy Statement—Destroy Tables, Views, Permissions, Integrities
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
    • Examples
  •  Endretrieve Statement—Terminate a Retrieve Loop
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Example
  •  End Transaction Statement—Terminate an MQT
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Considerations
    • Example
  •  Exit Statement—Terminate Database Access
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Considerations
  •  Help Statement—Display Help
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Wildcards and Help
    • Permissions
    • Examples
  •  Include Statement—Include an External File
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Examples
  •  Index Statement—Index a Table
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
    • Considerations
    • Examples
  •  Ingres Statement—Connect to a Database
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
    • Example
  •  Inquire_ingres Statement—Get Diagnostic Information
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Example
  •  Modify Statement—Change Table or Index Properties
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Storage Structure Specification
    • Modify...to Merge Option
    • Modify...to Relocate Option
    • Modify...to Reorganize Option
    • Modify...to Truncated Option
    • Modify...to Add_extend Option
    • With Clause Options
    • Embedded Usage
    • Permissions
    • Locking
    • Examples
  •  Open Cursor Statement—Open a Cursor
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
  •  Print Statement—Print Tables
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Examples
  •  Range Statement—Associate Range Variables with Tables
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Considerations
    • Examples
  •  Relocate Statement—Relocate Tables
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
    • Considerations
    • Example
  •  Replace Statement—Replace Column Values
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
    • Considerations
    • Examples
  •  Replace Cursor Statement—Update Column Values in a Table Row
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
    • Example
  •  Retrieve Statement—Retrieve Table Rows
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Retrievals in Embedded QUEL
    • Embedded Usage
    • Considerations
    • Examples
  •  Retrieve Cursor Statement—Retrieve Data into Host Variables
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
    • Considerations
    • Examples
  •  Save Statement—Save Table Until Date
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Embedded Usage
    • Considerations
    • Examples
  •  Savepoint Statement—Declare Marker in an MQT
    • Syntax
    • Description
    • Example
  •  Set Statement—Set Session Options
    • Syntax
    •  Description
      • Set Aggregate [no]project Option
      • Set Joinop [no]timeout Option
      • Set [no]journaling Option
      • Set Lockmode Option
      • Set [no]printqry Option
      • Set [no]qep Option
      • Set ret_into Option
      • Set [no]logging Option
      • Set [no]optimizeonly Option
      • Set [no]maxio Option
      • Set [no]maxrow Option
      • Set [no]maxquery Option
      • Session with on_error Option
      • Update_rowcount Option
    • Examples
  •  Set_ingres Statement—Enable or Disable Runtime Attributes
    • Syntax
    • Description
•  A. Keywords
  • In This Appendix
  • Single Keywords
  • Double Keywords
  • ISO SQL
•  B. Terminal Monitor
  • Accessing the Terminal Monitor
  • Query Buffer
  • Terminal Monitor Commands
  • Messages and Prompts
  • Character Input and Output
  • Help
  • Branching
  • Restrictions
  •  Terminal Monitor Macros
    • Basic Concepts
    • Defining Macros
    • Macro Evaluation
    • Quotes
    • Backslashes
    • More on Parameters
    • System Macros
    • Special Characters
    • Special {define} Processing
    • Parameter Prescan
    • Special Macros
•  C. Calling Ingres Tools from Embedded QUEL
  • Using the CALL Statement
  •  Ingres Tools and Parameters
    • Report
    • Sreport
    • RBF
    • QBF
    • Vifred
    • ABF
    • QUEL
    • IQUEL
    • Ingmenu
    • System

Ingres 10S

System