Zen v15 | B. SQL Reserved Words

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B. SQL Reserved Words

Reserved words are SQL keywords and other symbols that have special meanings when they are processed by the Relational Engine. Reserved words are not recommended for use as database, table, column, variable or other object names. If a reserved word is used as an object name, it must be enclosed in double-quotes to notify the Relational Engine that the word is not being used as a keyword in the given context.

You can avoid having to worry about reserved words by always enclosing user-defined object names in double-quotes.

This appendix contains the following topic:

• Reserved Words

• Words to Avoid

Reserved Words

Each of the symbols or words listed below has a special meaning when processed by the Relational Engine unless it is delimited by double quotation marks. Using one of these words as a table or object name without the quotation marks will cause an error.

See also the next topic, Words to Avoid.

Symbols

;

ABORT	ACCELERATED	ADD
AFTER	ALL	ALTER
AND	ANSI_PADDING	ANY
AS	ASC	ATOMIC
AVG

BEFORE	BEGIN	BETWEEN
BORDER	BY

CALL	CACHED_PROCEDURES	CASCADE
CASE	CAST	CHECK
CLOSE	COALESCE	COLLATE
COLUMN	COMMIT	COMMITTED
CONSTRAINT	CONVERT	COUNT
CREATE	CREATESP	CREATETAB
CREATEVIEW	CROSS	CS
CURDATE	CURRENT	CURSOR
CURTIME

DATA_PATH	DATABASE	DATETIMEMILLISECONDS
DBO	DBSEC_AUTHENTICATION	DBSEC_AUTHORIZATION
DCOMPRESS	DDF	DECIMALSEPARATORCOMMA
DECLARE	DEFAULT	DEFAULTCOLLATE
DELETE	DENY	DESC
DIAGNOSTICS	DICTIONARY	DICTIONARY_PATH
DISTINCT	DO	DROP
DSN

EACH	ELSE	ENCODING
END	ENFORCED	EX
EXCLUSIVE	EXEC	EXECUTE
EXISTING	EXISTS	EXPR

FETCH	FILES	FN
FOR	FOREIGN	FROM
FULL	FUNCTION

GLOBAL_QRYPLAN

GRANT

GROUP

HANDLER

HAVING

IF	IN	INDEX
INNER	INOUT	INSERT
INTEGRITY	INTERNAL	INTO
IS	ISOLATION

JOIN

KEY

LEAVE	LEFT	LEGACYOWNERNAME
LEVEL	LIKE	LIMIT
LINKDUP	LOGIN	LOOP

MAX	MIN	MODE
MODIFIABLE	MODIFY

NEW	NEXT	NO
NO_REFERENTIAL_INTEGRITY	NORMAL	NOT
NOW	NULL

OF	OFF	OFFSET
OLD	ON	ONLY
OPEN	OPTINNERJOIN	OR
ORDER	OUT	OUTER
OVER	OWNER

PAGESIZE	PARTIAL	PARTITION
PASSWORD	PCOMPRESS	PRECEDING
PRED	PRIMARY	PRINT
PROCEDURE	PROCEDURES_CACHE	PSQL_MOVE
PSQL_PHYSICAL	PSQL_POSITION	PUBLIC

QRYPLAN

QRYPLANOUTPUT

READ	REFERENCES	REFERENCING
RELATIONAL	RELEASE	RENAME
REPEAT	REPEATABLE	REPLACE
RESTRICT	RETURN	RETURNS
REUSE_DDF	REVERSE	REVOKE
RIGHT	ROLLBACK	ROW
ROWS	ROWCOUNT	ROWCOUNT2

SAVEPOINT	SECURITY	SELECT
SERIALIZABLE	SESSIONID	SET
SIGNAL	SIZE	SPID
SQLSTATE	SSP_EXPR	SSP_PRED
START	STDEV	SUM
SVBEGIN	SVEND

T	TABLE	THEN
TO	TOP	TRANSACTION
TRIGGER	TRIGGERSTAMPMISC	TRUEBITCREATE
TRUENULLCREATE	TRY_CAST	TS

UNBOUNDED	UNCOMMITTED	UNION
UNIQUE	UNIQUEIDENTIFIER	UNTIL
UPDATE	USER	USING

V1_METADATA	V2_METADATA	VALUES
VIEW

WHEN	WHERE	WHILE
WITH	WORK	WRITE

Words to Avoid

The following table lists keywords from the SQL-92 and SQL-99 ANSI standards, as well as additional keywords recognized by Zen. We recommend you avoid using these words as names for tables, columns, or other objects unless you enclose them in double quotation marks. Actian Corporation reserves the right to add support for any of these keywords as well as any future ANSI SQL keywords in future releases, which would then cause them to be included in this list.

If you use double quotation marks to delimit all table, column, and user-defined object names, then you do not need to worry about possible future conflicts with reserved words.

See also the topic Reserved Words.

ABSOLUTE	ACTION	ADD
ALL	ALLOCATE	ALTER
AND	ANY	ARE
AS	ASC	ASSERTION
AT	AUTHORIZATION	AVG
BEGIN	BETWEEN	BIGIDENTITY
BIT	BIT_LENGTH	BOTH
BY	CASCADE	CASCADED
CASE	CAST	CATALOG
CHAR	CHARACTER	CHAR_LENGTH
CHARACTER_LENGTH	CHECK	CLOSE
COALESCE	COLLATE	COLLATION
COLUMN	COMMIT	CONNECT
CONNECTION	CONSTRAINT	CONSTRAINTS
CONTINUE	CONVERT	CORRESPONDING
COUNT	CREATE	CROSS
CURRENT	CURRENT_DATE	CURRENT_TIME
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	CURRENT_USER	CURSOR
DATE	DAY	DEALLOCATE
DEC	DECIMAL	DECLARE
DEFAULT	DEFERRABLE	DEFERRED
DELETE	DESC	DESCRIBE
DESCRIPTOR	DIAGNOSTICS	DISCONNECT
DISTINCT	DOMAIN	DOUBLE
DROP	ELSE	END
END-EXEC	ESCAPE	EXCEPT
EXCEPTION	EXEC	EXECUTE
EXISTS	EXTERNAL	EXTRACT
FALSE	FETCH	FIRST
FLOAT	FOR	FOREIGN
FOUND	FROM	FULL
FUNCTION	GET	GLOBAL
GO	GOTO	GRANT
GROUP	HAVING	HOUR
IDENTITY	IMMEDIATE	IN
INDICATOR	INITIALLY	INNER
INPUT	INSENSITIVE	INSERT
INT	INTEGER	INTERSECT
INTERVAL	INTO	IS
ISOLATION	JOIN	KEY
LANGUAGE	LAST	LEADING
LEFT	LEVEL	LIKE
LIMIT	LOCAL	LOWER
MASK	MATCH	MAX
MIN	MINUTE	MODULE
MONTH	NAMES	NATIONAL
NATURAL	NCHAR	NEXT
NO	NOT	NLONGVARCHAR
NULL	NULLIF	NUMERIC
NVARCHAR	OCTET_LENGTH	OF
OFFSET	ON	ONLY
OPEN	OPTION	OR
ORDER	OUTER	OUTPUT
OVERLAPS	PAD	PARTIAL
PASSWORD	POSITION	PRECISION
PREPARE	PRESERVE	PRIMARY
PRIOR	PRIVILEGES	PROCEDURE
PUBLIC	READ	REAL
REFERENCES	RELATIVE	RESTRICT
REVERSE	REVOKE	RIGHT
ROLLBACK	ROWS	SCHEMA
SCROLL	SECOND	SECTION
SELECT	SESSION	SESSION_USER
SET	SIZE	SMALLIDENTITY
SMALLINT	SOME	SPACE
SQL	SQLCODE	SQLERROR
SQLSTATE	STDEV	SUBSTRING
SUM	SYSDATETIME	SYSUTCDATETIME
SYSTEM_USER	TABLE	TEMPORARY
THEN	TIME	TIMESTAMP
TIMESTAMP2	TIMEZONE_HOUR	TIMEZONE_MINUTE
TO	TRAILING	TRANSACTION
TRANSLATE	TRANSLATION	TRIM
TRUE	TRY_CAST	UNION
UNIQUE	UNKNOWN	UPDATE
UPPER	USAGE	USER
USING	VALUE	VALUES
VARCHAR	VARYING	VIEW
WHEN	WHENEVER	WHERE
WITH	WORK	WRITE
YEAR	ZONE

Last modified date: 10/31/2023