• Character-based Querying and Reporting Tools User Guide
  • Introduction
    • In This Guide
    • Querying and Reporting Tools at a Glance
    • Audience
    • What You Need to Know
    • Special Considerations
    • Query Language Used in this Guide
    • System-specific Text in This Guide
    • Terminology Used in this Guide
    • Syntax Conventions Used in this Guide
  • Fundamentals of Using Querying and Reporting Tools
    • Before Using the Querying and Reporting Tools
      • Requirements for Enabling Access to the Database
      • Setting of System Variables
      • Terminal Definition
      • Function Key Mapping
    • How to Start an Ingres Tool
      • Ingres Menu
        • Bypass Ingres Menu
        • Access Ingres Menu
        • Options on the Ingres Menu
      • Command Syntax to Start Ingres Menu or Tool
        • Access Parameters on Startup Commands
      • Command Syntax to Access Database on Remote Network Node
      • Command Syntax to Access a Non-Ingres Database
      • Command Syntax to Access a Distributed Database
    • Access to Database Tables
      • How to Select a Table You Want to Access
      • Synonym Use
      • Schemas for Owner Qualification
    • Frames and Forms
      • Forms
      • Fields on Forms
    • Find Entry Using First Letter
    • Menus
      • Menu Environment
      • Selecting a Menu Option
        • Selecting a Menu Option with a Mouse
        • Selecting a Menu Option Using a Function Key
        • Selecting a Menu Option by Typing or Highlighting the Operation Name
        • Typical Menu Operations
      • End and Quit Operations--Leave Submenus and Quit Ingres
    • Keys and Mouse Support
      • Keys for Menu Operations
      • Keys for Standard Functions
      • Cursor Movement and Editing Keys
    • On-Screen Help
    • Printing and Redrawing the Screen
      • Print the Screen
      • Refresh the Screen
    • Error Messages
      • Error Message Viewing
    • Naming and Name Use Conventions
      • Conventions for Schema and User Names
      • Conventions for Regular Identifiers
      • Delimited Identifiers
        • Use of Wild Card Characters
        • Case Sensitivity in Delimited Identifiers
        • Use of Delimited Identifier in Forms
  • Using the Tables Utility
    • Tables Utility
    • Tables, Synonyms, Views, and Indexes
    • Start the Tables Utility
      • Menu Options for the Table Catalog
    • Create a Table
      • Table Names
      • Column Specification--Column Name
      • Column Specification--Data Types
      • Column Specification--Key Numbers
      • Column Specification--Nulls
      • Column Specification--Defaults
        • How You Specify Standard Defaults
        • How You Specify User-Defined Defaults
      • How Unique Keys Are Set
      • Move Column Specifications
      • Clone Table Specifications with GetTableDef
    • Destroy Tables, Synonyms, Views, and Indexes
    • Get Information about Tables and Views
      • Fields for Examine a Table
    • How You Add or Delete Columns in an Existing Table
  • Using QBF
    • Query-By-Forms (QBF)
    • Query Definition and Execution Phases of QBF
      • Query Definition Phase
      • Query Execution Phase
    • Ways to Start QBF
      • How You Start QBF from the Operating System
      • Start QBF from the Ingres Menu
    • Query Target Selection
      • Catalog Frames for Query Target Selection
        • QBFNames Catalog Frame
        • JoinDefs Catalog Frame
        • Tables Catalog Frame
      • Data Display Forms for Query Targets
        • Custom Forms
        • Default Forms
    • Query Execution
    • How Query Results Are Displayed and Saved
  • Working with QBF Operations
    • QBF Append Operation
      • Start the Append Operation
      • How to Use the Append Frame
        • How You Add New Rows of Data
        • SimpleFields Format
        • TableFields Format
        • Data Entry Errors when Appending
        • Control-A--Duplicate Previous Entry
        • Transaction Deadlock in Append Mode
        • Confirmation Messages for Append
      • Exit the Append Operation
    • QBF Retrieve Operation
      • Start the Retrieve Operation
      • Retrieve Frame
        • Menu Options for Retrieve Frame
        • How to Use the Retrieve Frame
      • Search Qualifications
        • How Comparison Operators Are Used
        • How Logical Operators Are Used
        • Logical Operators Within a Column
        • Logical Operators Between Columns
        • Parentheses--Group Values
        • Pattern-Matching Characters
        • ? and * Pattern-Matching Characters
        • % and _ Pattern-Matching Characters
        • Bracketed Expressions
        • Complex Queries
        • Character String Qualifications
        • Date and Time Qualifications
        • Queries in Blank and Nullable Fields
      • Order Operation--Sort Query Results
        • Sort Sequence and Sort Priority
        • Sort Precedence in JoinDef Execution
      • Go Operation--View Retrieved Records
        • View Retrieve Results for a Table
        • View Sort Results for a Master/Master JoinDef
        • View Sort Results for a Master/Detail JoinDef
        • No Rows Meeting Specifications
      • Transaction Deadlock in Retrieve Mode
      • Exit the Retrieve Operation
    • QBF Update Operation
      • Start the Update Operation
      • How Data Is Modified
        • Update Frame Data Display Form Operations
        • Add New Detail Rows to a JoinDef
      • How Data Is Deleted
      • How Updates Are Saved
        • Update Operation and JoinDef Rules
        • Errors Reported During the Save Process
        • Transaction Deadlock in Update Mode
      • Exit the Update Operation
  • Using JoinDefs in QBF
    • JoinDefs
    • JoinDef Rules
      • Join Columns with Coercible Data Types
      • Multiple Join Columns
    • Join Types
      • Master/Master JoinDefs
      • Master/Detail JoinDefs
    • Automatic Joins
    • Fields on a JoinDef Form
    • How You Create a JoinDef
      • Optional JoinDef Specifications
    • JoinDefs Catalog Frame
    • JoinDef Definition Frame
      • JoinDef Name
      • Role Column in JoinDef Definition
      • Table Name Column in JoinDef Definition
      • Owner Column in JoinDef Definition
      • Abbreviation Column in JoinDef Definition
      • Choosing Table-Field Format
    • How Columns Are Joined
      • JoinDef Specification Frame--Specify Other Components of the JoinDef
        • View or Change Joined Columns
        • Get Information on Table Column Data Types
        • Exit the JoinDef Join Specification Frame
    • Single-Table JoinDefs
      • How You Build a Single-table JoinDef
    • Update and Delete Rules
      • Default Update and Delete Rules
      • Determine Update Rules
      • Determine Delete Rules
      • Exit the JoinDef Update and Delete Rules Frame
    • JoinDef Change Display
      • Delete Fields from JoinDef Displays
      • Exit the JoinDef Change Display Frame
    • Test JoinDefs
    • Save JoinDefs
    • Edit JoinDefs
    • Delete JoinDefs
  • Using RBF
    • Report-By-Forms (RBF)
    • RBF Frames and Operations
    • Start RBF
      • Report Catalog Frame
    • Obtain Information About a Report Specification
      • MoreInfo about a Report Frame
    • RBF PopUp Frames
    • Preview Reports
    • Report Specifications
      • How to Produce a Report in RBF
    • Sources of Report Data
    • Sort Columns and Breaks
    • Date, Time, and Page Number
    • Report Styles
      • Tabular Report Style
      • Wrap Report Style
      • Block Report Style
      • Indented Report Style
      • Master/Detail Report Style
      • Labels Report Style
      • Report Structure
        • Default Report Layout
  • Working with RBF Report Specifications
    • Create a Default Report Specification
      • Choose Columns on which to Base the Report
      • Choose a Report Style
    • RBF Report Layout Frame
      • How You Get to the Report Layout Frame
      • Report Components in the Report Layout Frame
        • Report Sections
        • Report Margins and Alignment Guides
        • Trim
        • Columns and Aggregate Functions
        • Report Layout Menu Operations
    • Layout and Create Operations--Create New Report Components
      • Create Break Headers, Footers, and Other Report Sections
      • Create Trim
      • Create a Column
      • Aggregates
        • Simple and Cumulative Aggregates
        • Unique Aggregates
        • Guidelines for Creating an Aggregate
        • Create an Aggregate
      • Create Additional Heading Lines
      • Create Blank Lines
    • Layout and Delete Operations--Delete Report Components
      • Delete Break Headers, Footers, and Other Report Sections
      • Delete Other Report Components
    • Edit Operation--Edit Report Components
      • Edit Trim and Headings
      • Edit Columns
    • Column Display Formats
      • Representation of Display Formats
      • Change Display Formats
    • Column Options
      • Sort Order
        • Sort Direction
        • Sort Order and Data Type
        • Default Sort Order
        • Sort Columns and Breaks
        • How to Change a Column from Sort to NonSort
        • Change the Sort Order
      • Runtime Data Selection
        • Hexadecimal Constants
        • Null Values for Numeric Variables
    • Column Break Options
      • Options for Showing a Change of Value
      • Use the Break Options Operation
    • Move Operation--Move Report Components
      • Move Trim, Columns, Aggregates, and Headings
        • Place and Shift Operations
      • Move the Report Margins
    • Report Options Frame
      • Page Length
      • Underlining
      • Page Header on First Page
      • Display of Null Values
      • Form Feeds
      • Date, Time, and Page Components
    • Obtain the Name of a Column
    • Undo Operation--Undo Edits
    • Save Operation--Save a Report Specification
      • Save Report Frame
      • Use the Save Operation
      • Save Report Pop-up
    • Archive Operation--Archive a Report Definition
      • Use the Archive Operation
      • Comment Blocks in Archived Reports
        • Width Comment Block
        • JoinDef Comment Block
        • Union Select Comment Block
    • How to Copy Report Specifications
    • Delete a Report Specification with Delobj Command
  • Producing a RBF Report
    • How You Produce RBF Reports
    • Report Destinations
    • Background Mode
      • Report Log
      • Specify Report Variables
    • Produce a Preview Report
      • Produce a Report from a Report Specification
    • Report Sent to a Screen
      • Send Reports from a Screen to a File
      • Send Reports from a Screen to a Printer
    • Send a Report Directly to a File
    • Send a Report Directly to a Printer
    • Run Report Specification from Command Line
      • Send Reports to a Screen using Report Command
  • Using Report-Writer
    • What Is Report-Writer?
      • Report-Writer and RBF
    • Report Preparation
      • How You Obtain Data for a Report
      • Sorted Data in a Report
      • Breaks in a Report
        • Automatic Report Breaks
        • Page Breaks in a Report
      • Headers and Footers in a Report
      • Detail Section
    • How to Produce a Report with Report-Writer
      • Ways to Create a Report Specification
      • Save a Report Specification with the Sreport Command
      • Execute a Report Specification with the Report Command
    • Considerations for the Finished Report
    • Types of Report Specification Statements
      • Report Setup Statements
      • Page Layout and Control Statements
      • Report Structure Statements
      • Column and Block Statements
      • Text Positioning Statements
      • Print Statements
      • Conditional and Assignment Statements
    • Format of Report Specification Statements
      • Statement and Parameter Delimiters
      • Schemas for Owner Qualification
      • Summary of Report-Writer Specifications
    • Sample Report
    • Report Setup and Format
      • How Variables Are Used in a Report
      • Reports that Use Multiple Tables
      • Sorts and Breaks in Reports
      • Pagination in Reports
      • Report Margins
      • Data Positioning, Formatting, and Printing
        • Default Print Positions for Columns
        • Text Positioning
        • The Print Format
        • How the Printed Value Is Determined
      • Use of Conditional and Assignment Statements
      • Summary Data Calculation and Printing
      • Automatic Determination of Default Settings
        • Analysis of Report Formatting Statements
        • How Default Page Width Is Determined
        • How Default Margins Are Determined
        • How Default Column Positions Are Determined
        • How Default Column Formats Are Determined
        • How Default Column Widths Are Determined
  • Report-Writer Expressions and Formats
    • Expressions in Report-Writer
    • Object Naming Conventions for ANSI/ISO Entry SQL-92 Compliant Databases
    • Recognition of Delimited Identifiers
      • How to Specify Delimited Identifiers
        • Case Sensitivity of Delimited Identifiers
        • Multiple Delimited Identifiers
      • Precedence over String Constants
    • Reserved Words
    • Types of Data in Expressions
      • String Constants
      • Hexadecimal Strings
      • Numeric Constants
      • Date Constants
      • Columns
      • Variables
      • Special Report Variables
      • Aggregates
        • Syntax of Aggregates
        • Simple Non-Unique Aggregates
        • Unique Aggregates
        • Cumulative Aggregates
        • Rounded or Actual Values
        • Examples of Aggregates
    • Operations
      • Arithmetic Operators
      • Comparison Operators
        • Conditional Expressions
        • Pattern Matching with Wildcards
      • Logical Operators
      • Built-in Functions
      • Boolean Functions
    • Format Specifications
      • Default Formats
        • Default Format for Strings
        • Default Format for Columns
        • Default Format for Special Report Variables
        • Default Format for Aggregates
        • Default Format for Numbers
        • Default Format for Dates
        • QUEL User Notes on Default Formats
      • Blanking Format B
      • Character String Format C
        • C Format Examples
      • Date Format D
        • Absolute Date and Time Templates
        • Date and Time Interval Templates
      • Numeric Format E
      • Numeric Format F
      • Numeric Format G
      • Numeric Format I
      • Numeric Format N
      • Numeric Templates
      • Control Character Format Q0
      • Character String Format T
    • Expressions and Formats Syntax Summary
      • Special Report Variables
      • Arithmetic Operators
      • SQL Conversion Functions
      • QUEL Conversion Functions
      • Numeric Functions
      • SQL and QUEL String Functions
      • Date Functions
      • Boolean Function
      • Aggregates
      • Formats
  • Report-Writer Statements
    • Report Setup Statements
      • .Break Statement--Specify Break Columns
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Cleanup Statement--Embed SQL Statements that Clean Up
        • Description
        • Examples
      • Comments
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Data Statement--Specify Table for Report
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Declare Statement--Declare Variables
        • Examples
      • .Delimid Statement--Enable Recognition of Delimited Identifiers
        • Description
        • Example
        • .Delimid with QUEL Query
      • .Include Statement--Import Files that Contain Report-Writer Code
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Longremark/.Endremark Statements--Mark a Block of Descriptive Text
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Name Statement--Assign a Name to a Report
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Output Statement--Specify File Name for a Report
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Query Statement--Indicate Start of a Query
        • Description
        • Variables
        • Examples
      • .Query Statement for QUEL Users
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Setup Statement--Embed SQL Statements that Perform Set up
        • Description
        • Example
      • .Shortremark Statement--Specify Remark
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Sort Statement--Specify Sort Order of Reported Data
        • Description
        • Examples
    • Page Layout and Control Statements
      • .Formfeeds/.Noformfeeds--Force or Suppress Formfeed Characters
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Leftmargin Statement--Set a Left Margin
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Need Statement--Keep Lines Together
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Newpage Statement--Insert Page Break
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Nofirstff Statement--Suppress Initial Formfeed
        • Description
        • Example
      • .Pagelength Statement--Set Page Length
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Pagewidth Statement--Set Page Width
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Rightmargin Statement--Set the Right Margin
        • Description
        • Examples
    • Report Structure Statements
      • .Detail Statement--Begin Data Formatting Statements
        • Description
      • .Footer Statement--Begin Formatting Statements for the Footer
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Header Statement--Begin Formatting Statements for the Header
        • Examples
    • Column and Block Statements
      • .Block/.Endblock Statements--Enable/Disable Block Mode
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Bottom Statement--Make Current Line the Bottom Line
        • Example
      • .Format Statement--Set Default Printing Format
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Position Statement--Set Position and Width of Column Output
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Tformat Statement--Change Format of Column Output Temporarily
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Top Statement--Make Current Line the Top Line
        • Description
        • Example
      • .Width Statement--Set Output Width of a Column
        • Description
        • Example
      • .Within/.Endwithin Statements--Enable/Disable Column Formatting Mode
        • Description
        • Examples
    • Text Positioning Statements
      • .Center Statement--Center the Text
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Left Statement--Left Justify the Text
        • Description
        • Example
      • .Lineend Statement--End a Line
        • Description
        • Example
      • .Linestart Statement--Print Next Text on New Line
        • Description
        • Example
      • .Newline Statement--Advance to a New Line
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Right Statement--Right Justify the Text
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Tab Statement--Specify Tab Position
        • Description
        • Examples
    • Print Statements
      • .Nullstring Statement--Specify String for Null Value
        • Description
        • Example
      • .Print and .Println Statements--Print Text of Report
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Ulcharacter Statement--Set Underline Character
        • Description
        • Example
      • .Underline and .Nounderline Statements--Underline Text
        • Description
        • Example
    • Conditional and Assignment Statements
      • .If Statement--Specify Alternative Statements
        • Description
        • Examples
      • .Let Statement--Assign Expression Value to a Variable
    • Statement Syntax Summary
  • Using VIFRED
    • What Is Visual Forms Editor (VIFRED)?
    • VIFRED Frames and Operations
    • Start VIFRED
      • Start VIFRED in Expert Mode
    • VIFRED Forms Catalog Frame
    • Create New and Duplicate Forms
      • Duplicate Forms
      • Create Blank Forms
      • Create Default Forms
      • Ways to Create Forms that Use Multiple Tables
    • Form Layout Frame
      • Alignment Guides
        • Margin Rulers
        • Straight Edges
        • Location Operation
      • Layout Frame Menu Options
    • Form Attributes
    • Form Display Style
      • Fullscreen Forms
      • Pop-up Forms
      • Change the Style of a Form
    • Borders for Pop-up Forms
    • Form Size and Position
      • Set Size and Position Attributes
        • Form Size
        • Screen Width of a Form
        • Position Mode
        • StartRow and StartColumn Attributes
      • Move the Margins of a Form
        • Expand the Right Margin
        • Expand the Bottom Margin
        • Place the Margin of a Form
      • VisuallyAdjust Operation--Visually Adjust a Form
        • Change Pop-up Form Size
        • Move a Fixed-Position Pop-up Style Form
    • Save a Form
      • Save Submenu
      • Save Changes Pop-up
    • Destroy Forms
    • Edit Existing Forms
    • Rename Forms
    • Compile Forms
      • Translate Compiled Form into Object Code
    • Print Forms
    • QBFNames Operation
      • QBFNames Catalog Frame
      • Assign Additional QBFNames to Forms
    • Run QBF from VIFRED
      • Quit Operation--Exit VIFRED
  • VIFRED Form Components
    • Parts of a Form
      • Fields on a Form
        • Internal Name of a Field
        • Data Window
        • Field Attributes
        • Field Title
    • Operations on the Form Layout Frame
    • Create Operation
      • Create and Edit Trim
        • Specify Display Attributes for Trim
      • Create New Blank Lines on the Form
      • Boxes and Lines
        • Box/Line Operation or Attribute Boxes
        • Enhance Boxes and Lines
        • Resize a Box or Line
        • Specify Display Attributes for Boxes and Lines
      • Creation of Simple Fields
        • Create a New Simple Field
        • Create Your Own Internal Field Names
        • Create Field Titles and Default Internal Names
        • Create Data Windows and Display Formats
        • Input Masking in Data Entry Fields
        • How You Create Multi-line Character Fields
        • Attributes Operation--Specify Simple Field Attributes
        • Edit Simple Fields
        • Edit Field Titles
        • Edit the Data Window
        • Edit the Attributes of a Field
      • Table Fields
        • Create a Table Field
        • Create Default Columns with GetTableDef
        • Create Columns
        • Edit a Table Field
        • How You Add Columns
        • Delete Columns
        • Edit Column Titles and Internal Name
        • Change Column Attributes
        • Change the Sequence of Columns
      • Create Duplicate Fields
    • Delete Form Components
    • Change the Tabbing Order of Fields on a Form
    • Move Operation--Move Components on a Form
      • Move a Single Component
        • Use the Place Operation
        • Shift Operation
        • Center and Justify Components
        • Move Titles and Display Windows
      • Move a Group of Components at Once
  • VIFRED Field Specifications
    • Field Attribute Specifications
      • Default Attributes
      • Set Attributes for a Field or Column
    • Attributes in the Set List
      • An Alternative to the BoxField Attribute
      • The Invisible Attribute
      • Input Masking
    • Required and Other Attributes
      • Internal Name of a Field
      • Data Type of a Field
      • Nullable Data Types
      • Color of a Field
      • Scrollable Field
    • Default Values for a Field
    • Specify a Validation Check
      • Comparison Operator Validation Checks
        • Character String Comparisons
        • Date and Money Comparisons
        • NULL Value Comparisons
        • Numeric Comparisons
        • Comparisons Against Other Fields
        • Comparison to a List of Values
        • Comparison to a Lookup Table
        • Boolean Operators in Validation Checks
      • Validation Error Message
    • Derived Fields
      • How Forms are Used with Derived Fields
      • Specify a Derived Field
      • Guidelines for Specifying Derivation Formulas
        • Arithmetic Operators in Derivation Formulas
        • Aggregates in Derivation Formulas
        • Constants in Derivation Formulas
        • Dates in Derivation Formulas
        • Circular References in Derivation Formulas
        • Examples of Derivation Formulas
      • Performance Recommendations for Derived Fields
  • Interactive Query Language Terminal Monitor
    • What Is the Interactive Terminal Monitor?
    • Capabilities of the Interactive Terminal Monitor
    • Start the Interactive Terminal Monitor
    • Interactive Terminal Monitor Frame--Enter Query Language Statements
      • Menu Operations on the Terminal Monitor Frame
      • Enter Statements from a File
      • Write Statements to a File
    • Query Language Statement Execution
    • Print or File Output
    • How Error Messages Are Handled
  • System Commands for the Forms-based Tools
    • Standard Flags and Parameters
    • compform Command--Compile a Form
      • compform Example
      • Compile a Form into Object Code
    • copyform Command--Copy a Form to Another Database
      • copyform Examples
      • Copy Forms to a Text File
      • Copy QBF Names and JoinDefs to a Text File
      • Copy Forms, QBFNames, and JoinDefs to a Database
    • copyrep Command--Copy a Report to a Text File
      • copyrep Example
    • delobj Command--Delete Objects from Database
      • delobj Examples
    • ingmenu Command--Start Ingres Menu
    • iquel Command--Start Interactive QUEL Terminal Monitor
      • iquel Example
    • isql Command--Start Interactive SQL Terminal Monitor
      • isql Examples
    • printform Command--Print a Form to a File
      • printform Example
    • qbf Command--Start Query-By-Forms
      • qbf Examples
    • query Command--Invoke QBF Query Execution
    • rbf Command--Start Report-By-Forms
    • report Command--Run a Report
      • report Examples
      • How the Report Command Works
      • Passing Parameters on the Command Line
        • Passing Numeric Variables
        • Passing String and Date Variables
        • Passing an Entire Where Clause
        • Passing Multiple Parameters
        • Passing Delimited Identifiers
        • Passing String Values with Embedded Quotes
        • Prompted Runtime Variables as Parameters
    • sreport Command--Store Report Definition in a Database
      • sreport Examples
    • vifred Command--Start the Visual Forms Editor
      • vifred Examples
  • Working with Data Types and Data Display Formats
    • Data Types
      • Character Data Types
        • C Data Type
        • Char Data Type
        • Text Data Type
        • Varchar Data Type
        • How Character Strings Are Compared
      • Date Data Type
        • International Conventions for Date and Time
        • Relative Times and Dates
      • Floating Point Data Type
      • Decimal Data Type
      • Integer Data Types
      • Money Data Type
      • Nulls
    • Data Display and Input Formats
      • Data Types and Display Formats
      • Display Format Syntax
      • Default Data Display Formats
      • How Character Data Is Displayed
      • How Numeric and Money Data Is Displayed
      • How Date Data Is Displayed
      • Format Templates
        • Input Masking with Format Templates
    • Numeric Templates
      • Input Masking with Numeric Templates
      • Special Numeric Template Characters
      • Numeric Template Examples
    • Date and Time Templates
      • Absolute Date and Time Templates
        • Absolute Date and Time Template Specification
        • Absolute Date and Time Examples
        • Input Masking for Absolute Dates
      • Time Interval Templates
    • String Input Templates
      • String Template Creation
        • Special Characters
        • Escape Character
        • Custom Character Sets
        • User-defined Characters
        • Predefined Characters for Custom Character Sets
        • How to Specify a Default Character
        • How to Specify Uppercase or Lowercase
      • How to Force Mandatory Entry
      • Examples of User-Defined Character Sets
      • Examples of String Templates
  • A. Defining Your Terminal
    • The Termcap File
    • How to Define Your Terminal
      • Define Your Terminal (Windows)
      • Define Your Terminal (UNIX)
      • Define Your Terminal (VMS)
      • Terminal Names
  • B. Defining Function and Control Keys
    • Why Key Mapping?
    • Key Mapping Overview (Windows Environment)
      • Termcap File (Windows)
      • FRS Mapping File (Windows)
      • Mapping File Example (Windows)
      • Standard FRS Mapping Files (Windows)
      • Application Mapping Files (Windows)
    • Key Mapping Overview (UNIX and VMS Environments)
      • Role of the Termcap File (UNIX and VMS)
      • Mapping Files (UNIX and VMS)
      • Mapping File Example (UNIX and VMS)
      • Levels of Mapping (UNIX and VMS)
        • Installation Level Mapping (UNIX and VMS)
        • Terminal Type Level Mapping
        • User Level Mapping (UNIX and VMS)
        • Application Level Mapping (UNIX and VMS)
    • Obtaining Information on Mappings
    • FRS Mapping Objects
      • FRS Commands
        • FRS Command Definitions
        • Default Key Mapping Assignments (UNIX and VMS)
      • Menu Items
      • FRS Keys
        • Map a FRS Key
        • Predefined FRS Keys
    • Mapping File Syntax
      • Mapping Statements
        • Example of Mapping Statements (Windows)
        • Example of Mapping Statements (UNIX and VMS)
      • How to Disable Statements
      • How to Use Comments
      • Mapping File Errors
    • Restrictions and Limitations (Windows Environment)
      • Troubleshooting Checklist (Windows)
    • Restrictions and Limitations (UNIX and VMS Environments)
      • Troubleshooting Checklist (UNIX and VMS)
  • C. Writing Termcap Descriptions
    • Why Modify the Termcap File?
    • Supplied Termcap File
      • How to Set the II_TERMCAP_FILE Variable
      • Format of a Termcap Description
        • Special Characters Used in a Termcap Description
        • Termcap Description Names
        • How Capabilities of the Terminal Are Specified in a Termcap Description
    • How to Start Writing New Termcap Descriptions
    • Eleven Basic Commands
      • Cursor Motion Command
        • Example 1: rti100, a Fictitious Terminal
        • Example 2: vt100
        • Example 3: Datamedia 3045
        • Example 4: Delta Data 5000
    • Commands for Advanced Features (Windows Environment)
      • Commands Used to Program Video Attributes (Windows)
      • Commands Used for Color (Windows)
      • Font Specifications (Windows)
    • Commands for Advanced Features (UNIX and VMS Environments)
      • Commands Used to Program Video Attributes (UNIX and VMS)
      • Commands Needed for Boxing Characters (UNIX and VMS)
      • Commands Needed for Function Keys (UNIX and VMS)
      • Commands Needed for Arrow Keys (UNIX and VMS)
      • Commands Used for Color (UNIX and VMS)
      • Commands to Specify Display Width (UNIX and VMS)
      • Command to Specify FRS Mapping File for Terminal (UNIX and VMS)
      • Commands to Optimize Cursor Movement (UNIX and VMS)
    • Commands for Special Situations
      • Commands from the UNIX Termcap File
    • Examples of Termcap Descriptions
      • DEC VT100 (All Inclusive) Termcap Description
      • DEC VT100 (Simple) Termcap Description
      • Envision 230 Termcap Description
      • Concept 100 Termcap Description
      • Datamedia 3045 Termcap Description
  • D. Data Types
    • Data Types in SQL, OpenSQL, and QUEL
  • E. Calling Ingres Tools from Embedded SQL and OpenSQL
    • How Ingres Tools Are Called from Embedded SQL and OpenSQL
    • Call Statement--Call an Ingres Tool or Operating System
    • Ingres Tool Parameters
      • Abf Command Parameters
      • Ingmenu Command Parameters
      • Isql Command Parameters
      • Qbf Command Parameters
      • Rbf Command Parameters
      • Report Command Parameters
      • Sql Command Parameters
      • Sreport Command Parameters
      • System Command Parameters
      • Vifred Command Parameters
  • F. Report-Writer Report Examples
    • Overview of Report Examples
    • POPULATION Example
    • POP2 Example
      • QUEL User Notes for POPULATION and POP2 Examples
    • ACCOUNT Example
      • QUEL User Notes for ACCOUNT Example
    • DICTIONARY Example
    • DICT2 Example
      • QUEL User Notes for DICTIONARY an DICT2 Examples
    • LABEL Example
      • QUEL User Notes for LABEL Example
    • Report Creation Using Several Tables
      • How to Join Tables for a Report
      • How to Avoid Awkward Page Breaks
        • QUEL User Notes for a Join
  • G. Troubleshooting Report-Writer
    • Parameter Substitution Troubleshooting
    • Query Troubleshooting
    • Comment Troubleshooting
    • Default Print Position Troubleshooting
    • Formfeed Troubleshooting
    • Performance Problem Troubleshooting
      • Query Performance
      • Performance and Conversion Function Usage
      • Performance and Memory Usage

Character-based Querying and Reporting Tools User Guide

Performance and Memory Usage