• System Administrator Guide
•  1. Introducing Ingres System Administration
  • Audience
  • System Administrator Responsibilities
  • System Administration Summary
  • Special Considerations
  • Query Language Used in this Guide
  • System-specific Text in this Guide
  • Path Notation in this Guide
  • Terminology Used in this Guide
  • Syntax Conventions Used in this Guide
•  2. Understanding Ingres Components
  • Components of an Ingres Installation
  • Ingres Architecture
  • DBMS Server
  •  Query Processing
    • The Tool or Application Process
    • DBMS Server Process
    • Query Environment
  •  DBMS Server Facilities
    • Abstract Data Type Facility
    • Compatibility Library Facility
    • Data Manipulation Facility
    • Optimizer Facility
    • Parser Facility
    • Query Execution Facility
    • Query Storage Facility
    • System Control Facility
    • Relation Description Facility
  •  General Communication Facility
    •  Name Server
      • How the Name Server Works
      • Name Server Maintenance Utility
    • Communications Server
    • Data Access Server
    • Bridge Server
    • General Communications Architecture
  • Querying and Reporting Tools
  •  Visual Tools (Windows)
    • Visual Manager
    • Visual Performance Monitor
    • Visual DBA
    •  Remote Command Server
      • Grant Access to Remote Users
      • How Remote Commands Are Executed
    • Configuration Manager
    • Network Utility
    • Export Assistant
    • Import Assistant
    • Journal Analyzer
    • Visual SQL
    • Visual Configuration Differences Analyzer
    • Visual Database Objects Differences Analyzer
  •  Logging and Locking Systems
    • Lock Manager
    •  Logging Facility
      • Log Buffers
      • How the Logging Facility Works
    •  Recovery Process
      • Data Manipulation Facility Recovery Process (dmfrcp)
      • Recovery Modes
    •  Archiver Process
      • Data Manipulation Facility Archiver Process (dmfacp)
      • Journal Files
      • Disaster Recovery Command
    •  Transactions Recovery
      • Types of Transaction Recovery
    •  Ingres Log Files
      • Transaction Log File
      • Error Log
      • Archiver Log
      • Recovery Log
      • Primary Configuration Log Files
      • Optional Configuration Log Files
    •  Optional Log Files
      • Process Logs
      • Optional Log Facility
•  3. Configuring Ingres
  • Configurable Components
  •  Configuration Tools
    •  Access Configuration-By-Forms Utility
      • How You Navigate in CBF
    • Access Configuration Manager Utility
    • Access Visual Configuration Differences Analyzer Utility
  •  Component Configurations
    • Configurable Properties for a Component
    • Configuration Snapshot
  •  Configuration Parameters
    •  Setting Parameter and Derived Parameter Values
      • Using VCDA to Restore Configuration Parameter
      • Protecting or Recalculating Derived Parameters
    • Components That Use Derived Parameters
  •  DBMS Server Configuration
    • Fast Commit Option
    • Write Behind Option
  • Data Access Server Configuration
  • Communications Server Configuration
  • Bridge Server Configuration
  • Star Server Configuration
  • Name Server Configuration
  • Recovery Server Configuration
  • Security Configuration
  • Locking System Configuration
  •  Logging System Configuration
    • Multiple Log Partition Configuration
    • Primary Transaction Log and Dual Transaction Log
  • Non-Configurable Components
  • History of Configuration Changes
•  4. Setting Environment Variables and Logicals
  •  Scope of the Environment Variables
    • Symbol Table
  • Windows Environment Variables
  • UNIX Environment Variables
  • VMS Logicals
  •  Installation-Wide Environment Variables
    • View Environment Variables in Windows and UNIX
    • View Environment Variables in VMS
    • Example: Set the ING_EDIT Variable
    •  User-Definable Environment Variables and Logicals
      • Example: Set an Environment Variable in the Local Environment
      • Display Current Value for Variables
      • Environment Variables and Logicals that Can Be Reset Locally
      • Environment Variables and Logicals that Cannot Be Reset
  •  Customization of Query Runtime Environment
    • Syntax Rules for Startup Files and Environment Variables
    • Dayfile
    •  DBNAME_ING
      • Example: Set DBNAME_ING
    •  DBNAME_SQL_ INIT
      • Example: Set DBNAME_SQL_INIT
    •  II_SQL_INIT
      • Example: Set II_SQL_INIT
    •  ING_SET
      • Example: Set ING_SET
    •  ING_SET_DBNAME
      • Example: Set ING_SET_DBNAME
    •  ING_SYSTEM_SET
      • Example: Set ING_SYSTEM_SET
    •  INIT_INGRES
      • Example: Set INIT_INGRES
    • Startup
    • Startsql
  •  Installation Locations
    •  When Not to Change Installation Locations
      • Allocation of Space for Future Growth
      • Allocation of Additional Space for Existing Tables
    •  Location Variables that Do and Do Not Require Unloading (UNIX and Windows)
      • Change the Value of the ING_ABFDIR Variable (UNIX and Windows)
      • Change the Value of the ING_ABFDIR Logical (VMS)
    • Change an Installation Location with Unloading (Windows)
    • Change an Installation Location with Unloading (UNIX)
    • Change Location Variables (Other than ING_ABFDIR) on VMS
    • Use of Symbolic Links (UNIX)
•  5. Customizing Ingres
  •  Ingres Character Sets
    • Default Character Sets
  •  Local Collation Sequences
    •  Supported Collation Sequences
      • Multi Collation Sequence
      • Spanish Collation Sequence
      • Unicode_french Collation Sequence
      •  Custom Collation Sequence
        • value
        • string
  •  Archiver Exit Script (acpexit)
    • Customization of Archiver Exit Script
    • Archiver Exit Script Parameters
  • How to Use a Custom Mapping File for Unicode Coercion
•  6. Troubleshooting Ingres
  • Process of Troubleshooting
  • Tools for Troubleshooting
  •  Determine the Problem Area
    • Error Log Files
    • Optional Error Log Files
    • Display Value for II_CONFIG
    • View List of Log Files
    • Check the Error Log Files
    • Find Your Problem Category
  •  Troubleshoot Startup, Shutdown, or Configuration Problems
    •  Check Ingres Installation on Windows
      • Detect Ingres Startup Problems on Windows
    •  Check Ingres Installation on UNIX
      • Ingbuild on UNIX
      • Detect Ingres Startup Problems on UNIX
    •  Check Ingres Installation on VMS
      • VMSINSTAL on VMS
      • Detect Ingres Startup Problems on VMS
    • Detect Ingres Startup Problems on System Reboot (Windows)
    • Detect Ingres Startup Problems on System Reboot (UNIX)
    • Detect Ingres Startup Problems on System Reboot (VMS)
    • Check Shutdown Problems on Windows
    • Check Shutdown Problems on UNIX
    • Check Shutdown Problems on VMS
  •  Ingres Processes on Windows
    • Check for Name Server Errors on Windows
    • Check for Communications Server Process Errors on Windows
    • Check for Bridge Server Errors on Windows
    • Check for Remote Command Process Errors on Windows
    • Check for Recovery Process Errors on Windows
    • Check for Archiver Process Errors on Windows
    • Check for DBMS Server Process Errors on Windows
    • Check for Data Access Server Errors on Windows
  •  Ingres Processes on UNIX
    •  Name Server Errors on UNIX
      • Check for Name Server Errors on UNIX
    • Check for Communications Server Process Errors on UNIX
    • Check for Bridge Server Process Errors on UNIX
    •  Recovery Process Errors on UNIX
      • Check for Recovery Process Errors on UNIX
    • Check for Remote Command Process on UNIX
    •  Archiver Process on UNIX
      • Check for Archiver Process Errors on UNIX
    • Check for DBMS Server Process Errors on UNIX
    • Check for Data Access Server Process on UNIX
  •  Ingres Processes on VMS
    •  Name Server Errors on VMS
      • Check for Name Server Errors on VMS
    •  Communications Server Process on VMS
      • Check for Communications Server Process Errors on VMS
    •  Bridge Server Errors on VMS
      • Check for Bridge Server Process Errors on VMS
    •  Recovery Process Errors on VMS
      • Check for Recovery Process Errors on VMS
    •  Remote Command Process Errors on VMS
      • Check for Remote Command Server on VMS
    •  Archiver Process Errors on VMS
      • Check for Archiver Process Errors on VMS
    • Check for DBMS Server Process Errors on VMS
    •  Data Access Server Errors on VMS
      • Check for Data Access Server Errors on VMS
  •  Problems with Tools Startup
    •  DBMS Server Stopped
      • Windows:
      • UNIX:
      • VMS:
    •  Database Connection Problems
      • No Database Connections
      • Individual Database Connection Failure
  •  Inconsistent Databases and Recovery
    •  Automatic Recovery
      • Recovery During Normal Operation
      • Recovery at Shutdown
      • Recovery at Startup
      • Recovery Process Monitoring
    •  Inconsistent Database
      • Diagnose an Inconsistent Database
      •  Common Causes of Inconsistent Databases
        • Examine Configuration File of a Database
      •  Recover an Inconsistent Database
        • Gain Emergency Access to an Inconsistent Database Using verifydb
  •  Performance Problems
    • Flow Diagram for Troubleshooting Performance Problems
    •  Diagnose DBMS Server Due to Logging System Problem
      • Logstat Status Fields
      • How to Avoid Logfull Abort
  •  Resource and Maintenance Problems
    •  Tools for Identifying Operating System Problems
      •  Diagnose Poor Performance Due to Insufficient System Resources
        • UNIX:
        • VMS:
  •  What You Need Before Contacting Technical Support
    • Windows Installations
    • UNIX Installations
    • VMS Installations
•  7. Using Monitoring and Tracing Tools
  • Supported Monitoring and Tracing Tools
  • System Utilities
  •  Operating System Utilities
    •  Windows Operating System Utilities
      • Windows Diagnostics
      • Windows Performance Monitor
      • Windows Event Viewer
      • Windows Registry Editor
      • Windows Task Manager
    •  UNIX Operating System Utilities
      • ps
      • iostat
      • pstat (BSD)
      • sar (System V)
      • sysdef (System V)
      • vmstat
    •  VMS Operating System Utilities
      • help
      • monitor
      • show
      • sysgen
  • Vendor Utilities
  •  Error Messages
    •  Error Message Format
      • xxxx
    • Message Help Files
    • Fatal Errors
    • Non-Fatal Errors
    •  Facility Codes
      • Facility Codes for Primary Components
      • Server-Only Components
      • Tools-Only Components
      • Components for Stream File Management
      • Components for Utility Routines
      • Miscellaneous Components
  •  Log Files
    • Transaction Log File
    • Error Log
    • Archiver Log
    • Recovery Log
    • Primary Configuration Log Files
    • Optional Configuration Log Files
    • Other Optional Log Files
  •  Trace Utilities
    • ODBC Call-level Interface
    •  SET Statement
      • Environment Variables Commonly Used with SET
      • Example: Set Statement Entered Directly
      • Example: Set Statements in an Include File
      • SET Statements in Startup Files
    •  SET Options for Tracing Queries
      • The SET PRINTQRY Option
      • Example: Turn Query Display On Using ING_SET
      • Example: Turn Query Display On Using II_EMBED_SET
      • The SET QEP Option
      • The SET JOINOP NOTIMEOUT Option
    •  Canceling SET Options
      • The SET SESSION WITH ON_ERROR Option
    •  I/O Tracing
      • Lock Tracing
      • Event Tracing
    •  User-Server Communications
      • Trace Communication Using printgca
      • Example: Level 2 Tracing Using GCA Trace Utiltiy
    •  Query Tracing
      • SC930 Output Files
      • Set SC930 Output Directory
      • Enabling and Disabling SC930
      •  SC930 Message Format
        • record type
        • timestamp1
        • timestamp2
        • information
      • Example Trace Output
    • Error Tracing
  •  UNIX Trace Facilities
    •  Bourne Shell -x Option
      • UNIX Trace Command
•  8. Managing Your System and Monitoring Performance
  •  Managing the Installation with Visual Manager
    • Functions of Visual Manager
    • Visual Manager Window
    • System and User Parameter Configuration Through IVM
    • Set Parameter Configuration Through IVM
    • Message and Notification Management Through IVM
    • Event Monitoring Management Through IVM
    • Alert Events Notification Settings in IVM
    • View Message Explanations in IVM
    • Component Monitoring Through IVM
    • Server Monitoring Through IVM
    • Logging System Monitoring Through IVM
    • Locking System Monitoring Through IVM
    • Access to Visual Tools Through IVM
  •  Monitoring and Managing Ingres with Visual Performance Monitor
    • Visual Performance Monitor Window
  •  Comparing Configurations with Visual Configuration Differences Analyzer
    • Configuration Snapshot File
    •  Comparison of Configuration Snapshots
      • Comparison of Remote Installation Snapshots
    • Restoration of Configuration Parameters Through VCDA
    • How VCDA Handles Concatenated config.dat Files
•  9. Analyzing and Recovering Journaled Transactions
  • Journal Analyzer
  • Start Journal Analyzer
  • Journal Analyzer Window
  •  Transaction Views
    •  Database Level Journaled Transactions
      • Group Changes by Transaction
    • Table Level Journaled Transactions
    • Select Transactions and Row Changes
  •  Recover Transactions or Individual Row Changes
    • Recover Whole Transactions or Individual Rows
    •  Rules, Constraints, and Integrities
      • Scan Journals to End Option
    • Order of Transactions and Statements in Transactions
    • How to Check If Rows Have Changed After the Transaction
    • Users of Transactions
    • Number of Rows Affected by Each Individual Reverse Statement
    • Recover Immediately or Generate External Scripts Option
  • Redo Transactions and Individual Row Changes
•  10. Understanding Ingres Management Architecture
  • IMA Audience
  • IMA Overview
  • Components of IMA
  •  Management Information Base
    •  MIB Object Model
      • Classid
      •  Location
        • vnode
        • gca_address
      • Instances
  •  MIB Creation
    •  Registration of IMA Tables
      •  REGISTER TABLE Statement--Register IMA Table
        • tablename
        • col_name
        • format
      • IMA Table Types
      •  REMOVE TABLE Statement--Remove Table Registrations
        • tablename
  • IMA DBMSINFO Constants
  •  Management Domains
    • Extending the Domain in the Local Instance
    • Extending the Domain to a Remote Instance
    • Removing a Remote Instance Domain
    • Restoring the Domain
  • Control Objects
  • Restrictions in IMA Use
  •  REGISTER TABLE Examples
    • Examples: Domain Tables
    • Example: Table of SCF Sessions
    • Example: Lock Tables
    • Example: Logging Tables
  •  Query Examples on IMA Tables
    • Example: What Are User Sessions Doing?
    • Example: Who Is Waiting for a Lock?
    • Example: Who Is Holding Locks?
    • Example: Who Is Holding a Lock that Other Sessions Need?
    • Example: When Did a Query Start?
    • Example: Shutting Down a DBMS Server
  •  Class ID Objects
    • IMA_STATUS_LOOKUP
•  A. Environment Variables and Logicals
  • In This Appendix
  • DBNAME_ING
  • DBNAME_SQL_INIT
  • DD_RSERVERS
  • II_4GL_DECIMAL
  • II_ABF_ASSUME_VALUE
  • II_AFD_TIMEOUT
  • II_APPLICATION_LANGUAGE
  • II_APP_NO_SIG_HANDLE (UNIX)
  • II_BIND_SVC_xx
  • II_C_COMPILER (VMS)
  • II_CHARSETxx
  • II_CHECKPOINT
  • II_CLIENT
  •  II_COLLATION
    • collation_name
  • II_CONFIG
  • II_CONNECT_RETRIES
  • II_DATABASE
  • II_DATE_CENTURY_ BOUNDARY
  • II_DATE_FORMAT
  • II_DBMS_LOG
  • II_DBMS_SERVER
  • II_DECIMAL
  • II_DIRECT_IO (UNIX)
  • II_DISABLE_SYSCHECK
  • II_DML_DEF
  • II_DUMP
  • II_EMBED_SET
  • II_ERSEND (UNIX)
  • II_FRS_KEYFIND
  • II_GC_REMOTE
  • II_GCA_REMOTE
  • II_GCA_LOG
  • II_GCx_TRACE
  • II_GCD_LOG
  • II_GCN_LOG
  • II_GCNxx_PORT
  • II_HALF_DUPLEX
  • II_HELP_EDIT
  • II_INSTALLATION
  • II_JOURNAL
  • II_LANGUAGE
  • II_LOG_DEVICE (VMS)
  • II_LP32_ENABLED
  • II_MONEY_FORMAT
  • II_MONEY_PREC
  • II_MSGDIR
  • II_NULL_STRING
  • II_NUMERIC_LITERAL
  • II_NUM_OF_PROCESSORS
  • II_NUM_SLAVES (UNIX)
  • II_OO_TABLE_SIZE
  • II_PATTERN_MATCH
  • II_PF_NODE
  • II_POST_4GLGEN
  • II_PRINTSCREEN _FILE
  • II_PRINT_UTF8ALIGN
  • II_RCP_STATS
  • II_SQL_INIT
  • II_STAR_LOG
  • II_SYSTEM
  • II_TEMPORARY
  • II_TERMCAP_FILE
  • II_TFDIR
  • II_THREAD_TYPE
  • II_TIMEZONE_NAME
  • II_TM_EXIT_ON_ERROR
  • II_TM_ON_ERROR
  • II_TUXEDO_LOC
  • II_TUX_SHARED
  • II_TUX_AS_MAX
  • II_TUX_XN_MAX
  • II_UNICODE_CONVERTER
  • II_UUID_MAC (Windows)
  • II_VNODE_PATH
  • II_WORK
  • II_XA_TRACE_FILE
  • IIDLDIR
  • ING_ABFDIR
  • ING_ABFOPT1
  • ING_EDIT
  • ING_PRINT
  • ING_SET
  • ING_SET_DBNAME
  • ING_SHELL (UNIX)
  • ING_SYSTEM_SET
  • INGRES_KEYS
  • INIT_INGRES
  • TERM (UNIX)
  • TERM_INGRES

Ingres 10.2

TERM_INGRES